Identification and characterization of Pythium Phytopythium and Phytophthora species in Argentina
Hemilse Elena Palmucci: Universidad de Buenos Aires
<div>Many Oomycetes including species of <em>Phytophthora, Phytopythium </em>and <em>Pythium</em> cause important plant diseases around the world. In Argentina very little was known about the importance of Oomycetes; for this reason a survey was conducted in areas surrounding Buenos Aires during 2009-2017 to learn about diseases on intensive crops. Isolates obtained between the years 2000-2008 were also received from La Plata University. Colony morphology, cardinal temperatures, morphological and molecular characters (ITS rDNA and beta tubulin gene) were evaluated. <em>Phytophthora capsici, P. cinnamomi, P. cryptogea, P. nicotianae, P. taxon kelmania, P. aff. cryptogea, P. multivora</em> and <em>Pythium aphanidermatum, P. cylindrosporum, P. graminicola, P. intermedium, P. irregulare, P. spinosum, P. sylvaticum, P. ultimum var. ultimum, P. ultimum</em> var. <em>sporangiferum </em>and one putative species of <em>Phytopythium </em>were identified. Pathogenicity test of all isolates was confirmed, fulfilling Koch´s postulates. Forty four host-pathogen relationships in 29 different hosts were studied, 30 of which were new diseases in the country. <em>Phytophthora multivora, Pythium cylindrosporum, P. sylvaticum</em> and <em>P. splendens</em> were recorded for the first time in Argentina.</div>
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