Apiosphaeria guaranitica an important forest pathogen in Central Brazil: taxonomy and phylogeny.
Jose Dianese: UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA
<div><em>Apiosphaeria guaranitica,</em> the causal agent of brown crust disease of several bignoniaceous hosts, among them <em>Handroanthus</em> and <em>Tabebuia </em>species, have been traditionally recognized as belonging to Phyllachoraceae based on exclusively morphological studies, not supported by any molecular evidence. Thus, for the first time we provide molecular evidence of the link between sexual and asexual forms of the fungus, elucidated the phylogenetic position of <em>A. guaranitica</em> based on a multilocus analyses using SSU, LSU, ITS1–5.8S–ITS2, RPB2 and TEF1; and provided the divergence time estimate of this lineage using both fossil-calibration (FC) and secondary calibration (SC) strategies. Our results showed that the natural phylogenetic placement of <em>Apiosphaeria</em> is within Diaporthaceae (Diaporthales), where it represents an ancient lineage of the crown-group of Diaporthaceae, diverging at the late Paleocene at 61.15 (FC) and 60.63 (SC) MYA. This is a pioneer study on the divergence time estimate within Diaporthales based on <em>Spataporthe taylori</em>, a diaporthaceous fossil<em>.</em></div>
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