Resistance the ultimate solution for bacterial panicle blight disease of rice
Y. WAMISHE (1), Y. Jia (2), M. Rasheed (1), C. Kelsey (3), S. Belmar (3), T. Gebremariam (1). (1) Univ of Arkansas Coop Ext Svc, Stuttgart, AR, U.S.A.; (2) USDA ARS, Stuttgart, AR, U.S.A.; (3) Univ of Arkansas, Stuttgart, AR, U.S.A.
Bacterial panicle blight (BPB) has been observed in rice production fields of Arkansas and other southern states with increasing frequency since 1995. BPB was severe in Arkansas in 2010 and 2011 causing up to 50% yield loss. A study was initiated to understand <i>Burkholderia glumae</i>, the major causal agent and to evaluate rice germplasm for resistance. <i>B. glumae</i> was frequently isolated from symptomatic panicles on CCNT.<i>B. glumae</i> isolates found to produce a hypersensitive reaction on tobacco leaves and pathogenic on rice seedlings were used to inoculate rice in the greenhouse and to screen germplasm for resistance in the field. Seedlings in the greenhouse were needle inoculated whereas foliage spray inoculation was employed between boot split to flowering stage in the field. Lesion sizes were not consistent to differentiate resistance levels among varieties using needle inoculation in the greenhouse. In 2012, among 300 entries of the Uniform Regional Rice Nursery (URRN) and Arkansas Rice Performance Trials (ARPT) tested in field, 14 entries showed no symptom of the disease and 30 entries showed moderate resistance. In 2013, within URRN and ARPT test, 15 entries showed no symptom of the disease and 53 entries showed moderate level of resistance. In the absence of effective chemical and cultural methods currently, the use of resistance would be the best option to combat such a sporadic disease that reduces yield and quality of rice.
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