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Common Names of Plant Diseases
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DisplayTitle
Diseases of Soybean
(
Glycine max
[L.] Merr.)
Page Content
Glen L. Hartman, collator (last update: 6/25/15)
BACTERIAL DISEASES
Bacillus seed decay
Bacillus subtilis
(Ehrenberg) Cohn
Bacterial blight
Pseudomonas savastanoi
pv.
glycinea
(Coerper) Gardan et al.
(syn.
P. syringae
pv.
glycinea
[Coerper] Young et al.)
Bacterial pustule
Xanthomonas axonopodis
pv.
glycines
(Nakano) Vauterin et al.
Bacterial tan spot
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens
pv.
flaccumfaciens
(Hedges) Collins & Jones
Bacterial wilt
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens
pv.
flaccumfaciens
(Hedges) Collins & Jones
Ralstonia
solanacearum
(E. F. Smith) Yabuuchi et al.
(syn.
Pseudomonas solanacearum
[Smith] Smith)
Wildfire
Pseudomonas syringae
pv.
tabaci
(Wolf & Forster) Young et al.
Other Bacteria Known to Infect Soybean
Burkholderia andropogonis
(E. F. Smith) Gillis et al.
Curtobacterium plantarum
Dunleavy
Erwinia amylovora
(Burrill) Winslow et al.
E. carotovora
subsp.
atroseptica
(van Hall) Dye
Pseudomonas savastanoi
pv.
phaseolicola
(Burkholder) Gardan et al.
P. syringae
pv.
syringae
van Hall
Xanthomonas
campestris
pv.
cannabis
Severin
FUNGAL DISEASES
Foliage, Upper Stems, Pods, and Seeds
Alternaria leaf spot, pod necrosis, and seed decay
Alternaria alternata
(Fr.:Fr.) Keissl.
A. atrans
W. Gibson
A. tenuissima
(Nees & T. Nees:Fr.) Wiltshire
Anthracnose
Colletotrichum chlorophyti
S. Chandra & Tandon
C. coccodes
(Wallr.) S. Hughes
C. gloeosporioides
(Penz.) Penz. & Sacc.
(syn.
Glomerella cingulata
[Stoneman] Spauld. & H. Schrenk)
C. graminicola
(Ces.) G. W. Wilson
(syn.
G. graminicola
Politis)
C. incanum
H. C. Yang et al.
C. truncatum
(Schwein.) Andrus & W. D. Moore
Glomerella glycines
Lehman & F. A. Wolf
Aristastoma leaf spot and yellowing
Aristastoma camarographioides
B. Sutton
A. guttulosum
B. Sutton
Black leaf blight
Arkoola nigra
J. Walker & Stovold
Brown spot (Septoria leaf spot)
Septoria glycines
Hemmi
Cercospora leaf blight and purple seed stain
Cercospora kikuchii
(T. Matsumoto & Tomoy.) M. W. Gardner
Choanephora leaf blight
Choanephora cucurbitarum
(Berk. & Ravenel) Thaxt.
C. infundibulifera
(Curr.) Sacc.
Downy mildew
Peronospora manshurica
(Naumov) Syd.
Drechslera blight
Bipolaris glycines
(S. Naray. & Durairaj) B. A. Khasanov
(syn.
Drechslera glycines
S. Naray. & Durairaj)
Exserohilum rostratum
(Drechsler) K. J. Leonard & Suggs
(syn.
Setosphaeria rostrata
K. J. Leonard)
Frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora leaf spot)
Cercospora sojina
Hara
Fusarium seed rot and
Fusarium
spp. associated with seeds
Fusarium acuminatum
Ellis & Everh.
(syn.
Gibberella acuminata
Wollenw.)
F. decemcellulare
C. Brick
(syn.
Albonectria rigidiuscula
[Berk. & Broome] Rossman & Samuels)
F. equiseti
(Corda) Sacc.
(syn.
G. intricans
Wollenw.)
F. graminearum
Schwabe
(syn.
G. zeae
[Schwein.:Fr.] Petch)
F. incarnatum
(Desm.) Sacc.
(syn.
F. semitectum
Berk. & Ravenel)
F. lateritium
Nees.:Fr.
(syn.
G. baccata
[Wallr.] Sacc.)
F. oxysporum
Schltdl.:Fr.
F. solani
(Mart.) Sacc.
(syn.
Haemanectria haematococca
[Berk. & Broome] Samuels & Nirenberg)
F. sporotrichioides
Sherb.
F. tricinctum
(Corda) Sacc.
(syn.
G. tricincta
El-Gholl et al.)
F. verticillioides
(Sacc.) Nirenberg
(syn.
G. moniliformis
Wineland)
Leptosphaerulina leaf spot
Leptosphaerulina trifolii
(Rostr.) Petr.
Phomopsis seed decay
Diaporthe longicolla
(Hobbs) J. M. Santos
(syn.
Phomopsis longicolla
Hobbs)
Phyllosticta leaf spot (Phyllosticta leaf blight)
Pleosphaerulina sojicola
Miura
(syn.
Phyllosticta
sojicola
C. Massal.)
Pod and stem blight
Diaporthe sojae
Lehman
(syn.
Phomopsis phaseoli
[Desm.] Sacc.)
Powdery mildew
Erysiphe diffusa
(Cooke & Peck) U. Braun & S. Takam.
E. glycines
F. L. Tai
Red leaf blotch (Dactuliophora leaf spot, Pyrenochaeta leaf blotch, Pyrenochaeta leaf spot)
Coniothyrium glycines
(R. B. Stewart) Verkley & Gruyter)
(syns.
Dactuliochaeta glycines
[R. B. Stewart] G. L. Hartm. & J. B. Sinclair;
Dactuliophora glycines
C. L. Leakey;
Phoma
glycinicola
Gruyter & Boerema
nom. illegit;
Pyrenochaeta glycines
R. B. Stewart)
Rhizoctonia aerial blight and web blight (Rhizoctonia foliar blight, Rhizoctonia web blight)
Rhizoctonia
solani
J. G. Kühn
(syn.
Thanatephorus
cucumeris
[A. B. Frank] Donk)
Rust
Phakopsora meibomiae
(Arthur) Arthur
(syn.
Malupa vignae
[Bres.] Y. Ono et al.)
P. pachyrhizi
Syd.
(syn.
M. sojae
[Henn.] Y. Ono et al.)
Scab
Sphaceloma glycines
Kurata & Kuribayashi
Sclerotinia stem rot (white mold)
Sclerotinia minor
Jagger
S. sclerotiorum
(Lib.) de Bary
Stemphylium leaf blight
Pleospora herbarum
(Pers.:Fr.) Rabenh.
(syn.
Stemphylium
herbarum
E. G. Simmons)
S. botryosum
Wallr.
(syn.
P. tarda
E. G. Simmons)
S. vesicarium
(Wallr.) E. G. Simmons
(syn.
P. allii
[Rabenh.] Ces. & De Not.)
Target spot
Corynespora cassiicola
(Berk. & M. A. Curtis) C. T. Wei
Yeast spot of pods and seeds
Eremothecium ashbyi
Guillierm.
E. coryli
(Peglion) Kurtzman
Fungal Diseases of Lower Stems and Roots
Brown stem rot
Cadophora gregata
(Allington & D. W. Chamb.) T. C. Harr. & McNew
(syn.
Phialophora gregata
[Allington & D. W. Chamb.] W. Gams)
Charcoal rot
Macrophomina phaseolina
(Tassi) Goid.
Fusarium blight or wilt
Fusarium oxysporum
Schltdl.:Fr.
Fusarium pod and collar rot
Fusarium incarnatum
(Desm.) Sacc.
(syns.
F. pallidoroseum
[Cooke] Sacc.;
F. semitectum
Berk. & Ravenel)
Fusarium root rot
Fusarium acuminatum
Ellis & Everh.
(syn.
Gibberella acuminata
Wollenw.)
F. avenaceum
(Fr.:Fr.) Sacc.
(syn.
G. avenacea
R. J. Cook)
F. commune
K. Skovgaard et al.
F. equiseti
(Corda) Sacc.
(syn.
G. intricans
Wollenw.)
F. graminearum
Schwabe
F. heterosporum
Nees & T. Nees:Fr.
(syn.
G. cyanea
[Sollm.] Wollenw.)
F. oxysporum
Schltdl.:Fr.
F. proliferatum
(Matsush.) Nirenberg ex Gerlach & Nirenberg
(syn.
G. intermedia
[Kuhlman] Samuels et al.)
F. redolens
Wollenw.
F. solani
(Mart.) Sacc.
F. sporotrichioides
Sherb.
F. tricinctum
(Corda) Sacc.
(syn.
G. tricincta
El-Gholl et al.)
F. verticillioides
(Sacc.) Nirenberg
(syns.
F. moniliforme
J. Sheld.;
G. moniliformis
Wineland)
Phytophthora root and stem rot
Phytophthora sansomeana
E. M. Hansen
P. sojae
Kaufm. & Gerd.
Pythium seed rot, damping-off, and root rot
Globisporangium irregulare
(Buisman) Uzuhashi et al.
(syn.
Pythium irregulare
Buisman)
G. sylvaticum
(W. A. Camp. & F. F. Hendrix) Uzuhasi et al.
(syn.
P. sylvaticum
W. A. Camp. & F. F. Hendrix)
G. ultimum
(Trow) Uzuhashi et al.
(syn.
P. ultimum
Trow)
P. aphanidermatum
(Edson) Fitzp.
P. dissotocum
Drechsler
P. inflatum
V. D. Matthews
P. myriotylum
Drechsler
P. torulosum
Coker & F. Patt.
Red crown rot (Cylindrocladium root rot, black root rot, Calonectria root rot)
Calonectria ilicicola
Boedijn & Reitsma
(syn.
Cylindrocladium parasiticum
Crous et al.)
Calonectria morganii
Crous et al.
(syn.
Cylindrocladium scoparium
Morg.)
Rhizoctonia damping-off and root rot
Rhizoctonia solani
J. G. Kühn
(syn.
Thanatephorus cucumeris
[A. B. Frank)] Donk)
Sclerotium blight (southern blight, southern stem rot, white mold)
Athelia rolfsii
(Curzi) Tu & Kimbr.
(syn.
Sclerotium rolfsii
Sacc.)
Stachybotrys root rot
Stachybotrys chartarum
(Ehrenb.) S. Hughes
Stem canker
Diaporthe phaseolorum
var.
caulivora
Athow & Caldwell
(syn.
D. caulivora
[Athow & Caldwell] J. M. Santos et al.)
D. phaseolorum
var.
meridionalis
F. A. Fernández
(syn.
D. aspalathi
E. Jansen et al.)
Sudden death syndrome
Fusarium brasiliense
T. Aoki & O’Donnell
F. crassistipitatum
Scandiani et al.
F.
tucumaniae
T. Aoki et al.
F. virguliforme
O’Donnell & T. Aoki
(syn.
F. solani
f. sp.
glycines
)
Thielaviopsis root rot (black root rot)
Thielaviopsis basicola
(Berk. & Broome) Ferraris
Storage Fungi
Alternaria
spp.
Aspergillus
spp.
A. candidus
Link:Fr.
A. flavus
Link:Fr.
A. glaucus
Link:Fr.
A. parasiticus
Speare
A. restrictus
G. Sm.
Curvularia
spp.
Fusarium
spp.
F. graminearum
Schwabe
Mucor
spp.
Paecilomyces
spp.
Penicillium
spp.
Rhizopus
spp.
Scopulariopsis
spp.
Other Fungi and Oomycetes Reported in Soybean
Ascochyta sojaecola
Abramov
Bipolaris sorokiniana
(Sacc.) Shoemaker
Chaetomium
spp.
C. cupreum
L. M. Ames
Cladosporium tenuissimum
Cooke
Epicoccum
spp.
Exserohilum rostratum
(Drechsler) K. J. Leonard & Suggs
Gaeumannomyces graminis
(Sacc.) Arx & D. L. Olivier
Gliocladium roseum
Bainier
Helminthosporium
spp.
Macrophoma
spp.
Marssonina sojaecola
Mashkina et al.
Microdochium
spp.
Monilia
spp.
Mycoleptodiscus terrestris
(Gerd.) Ostaz.
Mycosphaerella phaseolorum
Siemaszko
Neocosmospora vasinfecta
E. F. Sm.
(syn.
Acremonium
sp.)
Nigrospora
spp.
Olpidium viciae
Kusano
Pestalotia
spp.
Boeremia exigua
var.
exigua
(Desm.) Aveskamp et al.
(syn.
Phoma exigua
Desm.)
Phymatotrichopsis omnivora
(Shear) Hennebert
Plectosphaerella cucumerina
(Lindf.) W. Gams
Pleosphaerulina sojicola
Miura
(syn.
Phyllosticta glycineum
Tehon & E. Y. Daniels)
Setosphaeria glycinea
L. S. Srivast. et al.
Stauronematopsis sojae
(Uecker & Kulik) Abbas et al.
(syn.
Pseudorobillarda sojae
Uecker & Kulik)
Verticillium nigrescens
Pethybr.
MOLLICUTE DSEASES
Bud proliferation
Buds proliferate from leaf axils on plant; plant maturity is delayed
Machismo
First symptoms occur after flowering or pod formation; pods are rigid, flat, and empty or corrugated and leaflike; buds proliferate from leaf axils anywhere on plant, causing witches’-broom
Phyllody and witches’-broom
Phylloid disorder of floral organs; shoot proliferation and reduced leaflets; resembles machismo
Phytoplasmas
Bushy or stunted plants; purple streaks and patches on stems; marginal necrosis or yellow blotches on leaves; bud proliferation; reduction of pod numbers at nodes; dark-bluish foliage
NEMATODES (PARASITIC)
Dagger nematode:
Xiphinema americanum
Cobb
Lance nematodes:
Hoplolaimus
spp.
H. columbus
Sher
H. galeatus
(Cobb) Thorne
H. magnistylus
Robbins
H. stephanus
Sher
Lesion nematodes:
Pratylenchus
spp.
P. agilis
Thorne & Malek
P. alleni
Ferris
P. brachyurus
(Godfrey) Filip. & Sch. Stek.
P. coffeae
(Zimmerman) Filip. & Sch. Stek.
P. crenatus
Loof
P. hexincisus
Taylor & Jenkins
P. neglectus
(Rencsh) Filip. & Sch. Stek.
P. penetrans
(Cobb) Filip. & Sch. Stek.
P. pratensis
(de Man) Filip.
P. scribneri
Steiner
P. sefaenis
Fortuner
P. teres
Khan & Singh
P. thornei
Sher & Allen
P. vulnus
Allen & Jensen
P. zeae
Graham
Reniform nematode:
Rotylenchulus
reniformis
Linford & Oliveira
Root-knot nematodes:
Meloidogyne
spp.
M. arenaria
(Neal) Chitwood
M. hapla
Chitwood
M. incognita
(Kofoid & White) Chitwood
M. javanica
(Treub) Chitwood
Soybean cyst nematode:
Heterodera glycines
Ichinohe
Sting nematodes:
Belonolaimus
spp.
B. longicaudatus
Rau
NONINFECTIOUS DISEASES, DISORDERS, AND DAMAGE
Anoxia
Root injury or death caused by extended flooding or submergence in water
Crusting and compaction of soil
Thickened seedling stems; broken or cracked hypocotyl arches; occurs after heavy rain or flooding
Drought damage
Stunting, poor vigor, and chlorosis of interveinal areas of leaves, which changes to general chlorosis with interveinal necrosis in severe situations
Frost damage
Upper plant damage or death; new growth at lower nodes
Green stem disorder
Immature, still-green stems after ripening of pods and seeds
Hail damage
Ragged and torn leaves; broken or cut stems with dark, sunken areas
Heat canker
Girdling of the hypocotyl at or just above the soil line; affected tissue is reddish brown and shriveled; entire plant dies within days; occurs at temperatures above 35
°
C
Lightning damage
Circular areas of damage within the field; blackened lower stems and dead leaves; blanched or “cooked” pith
Sunburn
Brick-red spots on leaves that develop brownish centers; brick-red lesions on petioles and stems
VIRUS DISEASES
African cassava mosaic
Genus
Begomovirus;
African cassava mosaic virus
(ACMV)
Alfalfa mosaic
Genus
Alfamovirus;
Alfalfa mosaic virus
(AMV)
Bean common mosaic
Genus
Potyvirus;
Bean common mosaic virus
(BCMV), peanut stripe strain, Azuki bean mosaic strain
Bean common mosaic necrosis
Genus
Potyvirus;
Bean common mosaic necrosis virus
(BCMNV),
blackeye cowpea mosaic strain
Bean golden mosaic
Genus
Begomovirus;
Bean golden mosaic virus
(BGMV)
Bean leafroll
Genus
Luteovirus;
Bean leafroll virus
(BLRV)
Bean mild mosaic
Genus
Carmovirus;
Bean mild mosaic virus
(BMMV)
Bean pod mottle
Genus
Comovirus;
Bean pod mottle virus
(BPMV)
Bean yellow mosaic
Genus
Potyvirus;
Bean yellow mosaic virus
(BYMV)
Beet western yellows
Genus
Polerovirus;
Beet western yellows virus
(BWYV)
Blackgram mottle
Blackgram mottle virus (BMoV)*
Broad bean true mosaic
Genus
Comovirus;
Broad bean true mosaic virus
(BBTMV)
Cotton leaf curl
Genus
Begomovirus;
Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus
(CLCuKoV)
Cowpea chlorotic mottle
Genus
Bromovirus;
Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus
(CCMV), bean yellow stipple strain, soybean strain (CCMV-S)
Cowpea mild mottle
Genus
Carlavirus; Cowpea mild mottle virus
(CpMMV)
Cowpea mosaic
Genus
Comovirus; Cowpea mosaic virus
(CPMV)
Cowpea mottle
Genus
Carmovirus;
Cowpea mottle virus
(CPMoV)
Cowpea severe mosaic
Genus
Comovirus;
Cowpea severe mosaic virus
(CPSMV)
Cucumber mosaic (Soybean stunt)
Genus
Cucumovirus;
Cucumber mosaic virus
(CMV),
soybean stunt strain (CMV-SS)
(syn. Soybean stunt virus)
Cycas necrotic stunt
Genus
Nepovirus;
Cycas necrotic stunt virus
(CNSV),
soybean mild mosaic strain
(syns. Soybean chlorotic spot virus; Soybean mild mosaic virus [SMMV])
Euphorbia mosaic
Genus
Begomovirus;
Euphorbia mosaic virus
(EuMV)
Glycine mosaic
Genus
Comovirus; Glycine mosaic virus
(GMV)
Indonesian soybean dwarf
Genus unassigned;
Indonesian soybean dwarf virus
(ISDV)
Milk vetch dwarf
Genus
Nanovirus;
Milk vetch dwarf virus
(MVDV)
Mungbean yellow mosaic
Genus
Begomovirus;
Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus
(MYMIV)
Genus
Begomovirus;
Mungbean yellow mosaic virus
(MYMV)
Okra mottle
Genus
Begomovirus;
Okra mottle virus
(OMoV)
Pea green mottle
Genus
Comovirus; Pea green mottle virus
(PGMV)
Pea mild mottle
Genus
Comovirus; Pea mild
mottle virus
(PMMV)
Peanut mottle
Genus
Potyvirus;
Peanut mottle virus
(PMV)
Peanut stunt
Genus
Cucumovirus;
Peanut stunt virus
(PSV)
Pepper golden mosaic
Genus
Begomovirus; Pepper golden mosaic virus
(PepGMV)
Quail pea mosaic
Genus
Comovirus; Quail pea mosaic virus
(QPMV)
Rhynchosia golden mosaic
Genus
Begomovirus; Rhynchosia golden mosaic virus
(RhGMV)
Sida micrantha mosaic
Genus
Begomovirus;
Sida micrantha mosaic virus
(SimMV)
Sida mottle
Genus
Begomovirus; Sida mottle virus
(SiMoV)
Southern bean mosaic
Genus
Sobemovirus;
Southern bean mosaic virus
(SBMV)
Soybean blistering mosaic
Genus
Begomovirus; Soybean blistering mosaic virus
(SbBMV)
Soybean chlorotic mottle
Genus
Soymovirus;
Soybean chlorotic mottle virus
(SbCMV)
Soybean chlorotic spot
Genus
Begomovirus;
Soybean chlorotic spot virus
(SoCSV)
Soybean crinkle leaf
Genus
Begomovirus;
Soybean crinkle leaf virus
(SCLV)
Soybean dwarf
Genus
Luteovirus;
Soybean dwarf virus
(SbDV)
Soybean mild mottle
Genus
Begomovirus;
Soybean mild mottle virus
(SbMMV)
Soybean mosaic
Genus
Potyvirus;
Soybean mosaic virus
(SMV)
Soybean Putnam
Soybean Putnam virus (SPuV)*
Soybean severe stunt
Soybean severe stunt virus (SSSV)*
Soybean vein necrosis
Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV)*
Soybean yellow mosaic
Soybean yellow mosaic virus (SYMV)*
Soybean yellow mottle mosaic
Genus
Carmovirus;
Soybean yellow mottle mosaic virus
(SYMMV)
Tobacco mosaic
Genus
Tobamovirus;
Tobacco mosaic virus
(TMV),
soybean strain (TMV-S)
Tobacco ringspot
Genus
Nepovirus;
Tobacco ringspot virus
(TRSV)
Tobacco streak
Genus
Ilarvirus;
Tobacco streak virus
(TSV)
Tomato ringspot
Genus
Nepovirus;
Tomato ringspot virus
(ToRSV)
Tomato spotted wilt
Genus
Tospovirus;
Tomato spotted wilt virus
(TSWV)
* Not classified as a distinct species by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) (as of 2014) (www.ictvonline.org).
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