DisplayTitle

Diseases of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

C. W. Horne and R. A. Frederiksen, primary collators; updated by T. Isakeit (last update 2/12/16)

BACTERIAL DISEASES

Bacterial leaf blight

Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae (Manns) Willems et al.

Bacterial leaf spot

Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae van Hall

Bacterial leaf streak

Xanthomonas vasicola pv. holcicola (Elliott) Vauterin et al.

       (syn. X. campestris pv. holcicola (Elliott) Dye)

Bacterial leaf stripe

Paraburkholderia andropogonis (Gillis et al.) Sawana et al.

       (syns. Burkholderia andropogonis (Smith) Gillis et al.; Pseudomonas andropogonis

       (Smith) Stapp)

Bacterial top and stalk rot

Dickeya chrysanthemi R. Samson et al.

       (syn. Erwinia chrysanthemi Burkholder, McFadden, & Dimock)

FUNGAL DISEASES

Acremonium wilt

Sarocladium strictum (W. Gams) Summerb.

       (syns. Acremonium strictum W. Gams; Cephalosporium acremonium Auct. non Corda)

Anthracnose (Foliar, head, root and stalk rot)

Colletotrichum graminicola (Ces.) G. W. Wilson

       (syn. Glomerella graminicola Politis)

C. sublineola Henn. ex Kabát & Bubák

       (syns. C. andropogonis Zimm.; C. sublineola Henn. ex. Sacc. & Trotter; C. Henn.

       ex Kabát & Bubák)

Banded leaf and sheath blight

Rhizoctonia solani Kühn

       (syn. Thanatephorus cucumeris (A. B. Frank) Donk)

Charcoal rot

Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich

Crazy top downy mildew

Sclerophthora macrospora (Sacc.) Thirumalachar et al.

       (syn. Sclerospora macrospora Sacc.)

Damping-off and seed rot

Aspergillus spp.

Exserohilum sp.

Fusarium spp.

Penicillium spp.

Pythium spp.

Rhizoctonia spp.

Other species

Ergot

Claviceps africana Frederickson, Mantle, & de Milliano

C. sorghicola Tsukiboshi, Shimanuki, & Uematsu

Sphacelia sorghi McRae

       (syn. C. sorghi Kulkarni, Seshadri, & Hegde)

Fusarium head blight, root and stalk rot

Fusarium spp.

Fusarium moniliforme J. Sheld.

       (syn. Gibberella fujikuroi (Sawada) Ito in Ito & K. Kimura)

F. thapsinum Klittich et al.

       (syn. G. thapsina Klittich et al.)

Grain storage mold

Aspergillus spp.

Fusarium andiyazi Marasas et al.

F. nygamai Burgess & Trimboli

Penicillium spp.

Other species

Gray leaf spot

Cercospora sorghi Ellis & Everh.

Ladder leaf spot

Passalora fusimaculans (G. F. Atk.) U. Braun & Crous

       (syn. Cercospora fusimaculans Atk.)

Leaf blight

Setosphaeria turcica (Luttrell) K. J. Leonard & E. G. Suggs

       (syns. Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) K. J. Leonard & E. G. Suggs; Helminthosporium

       turcicum Pass.)

Milo disease (Periconia root rot)

Periconia circinata (M. Mangin) Sacc. & D. Sacc.

Oval leaf spot

Ramulispora sorghicola E. Harris

Pokkah Boeng (Twisted top)

Gibberella fujikuroi (Sawada) Wollenw.

       (syns. Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans Wollenweb. & Reink.; G. fujikuroi var.

       subglutinans Edwards)

G. intermedia (Kuhlmann) Samuels, Nirenberg, & Seifert

       (syn. F. proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg ex Gerlach & Nirenberg)

Pythium root rot

Pythium spp.

Pythium arrhenomanes Drechsl.

P. graminicola Subramanian

Rough leaf spot

Ascochyta sorghi Sacc.

Rust

Puccinia purpurea Cooke

Southern sclerotial rot

Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.

       (syn. Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) C. C. Tu & Kimbr.)

Seedling blight and seed rot

Colletotrichum sublineola Henn. ex Kabát & Bubák

Fusarium spp.

Pythium spp.

P. aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp.

Setosphaeria turcica (Luttrell) K. J. Leonard & E. G. Suggs

Smut, covered kernel

Sporisorium sorghi Ehrenb. ex Link

       (syns. Sphacelotheca sorghi (Link) G. P. Clinton; Sporisorium sorghi Link in Willd.)

Smut, head

Sporisorium reilianum (Kühn) Langdon & Fullerton

       (syns. Sphacelotheca reiliana (Kühn) G. P. Clinton; Sporisorium holci-sorghi (Rivolta)

       K. Vánky)

Smut, long

Anthracocystis ehrenbergii (J. G. Kühn) McTaggart & R. G. Shivas

       (syn. Sporisorium ehrenbergii K. Vánky)

Smut, loose kernel

Sporisorium cruentum (Kühn) K. Vánky

       (syn. Sphacelotheca cruenta (Kühn) A. A. Potter)

Sooty stripe

Ramulispora sorghi (Ellis & Everh.) Olive & Lefebvre in Olive et al.

Sorghum downy mildew

Peronosclerospora sorghi (W. Weston & Uppal) C. G. Shaw

       (syn. Sclerospora sorghi W. Weston & Uppal)

Tar spot

Phyllachora sacchari P. Henn.

Target leaf spot

Bipolaris sorghicola (Lefebvre & Sherwin) Alcorn

       (syns. B. cookei (Sacc.) Shoemaker; Helminthosporium cookei Sacc.)

Zonate leaf spot and sheath blight

Gloeocercospora sorghi Bain & Edgerton ex Deighton

NEMATODES, PARASITIC

Awl nematode:

Dolichodorus spp.

Dagger nematode (American):

Xiphinema americanum Cobb

Needle nematode:

Longidorus africanus Merny

Other species

Pin nematode:

Paratylenchus spp.

Reniform nematode:

Rotylenchus spp.

Ring nematode:

Criconemella spp.

Root-knot nematode:

Meloidogyne spp.

Root-lesion nematodes:

Pratylenchus hexincisus Taylor & Jenkins

P. zeae Graham

Spiral nematode:

Helicotylenchus spp.

Sting nematode:

Belonolaimus longicaudatus Rau

Stubby-root nematodes:

Paratrichodorus spp.

P. minor (Colbran) Siddiqi

Stunt nematodes:

Merlinius brevidens (Allen) Siddiqi

Tylenchorhynchus spp.

PARASITIC PLANT

Witchweed

Striga asiatica (L.) Kuntze

S. forbesi Benth.

S. gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke

S. hermonthica (Del.) Benth.

PHYTOPLASMA DISEASE

Yellow sorghum stunt

Yellow sorghum stunt MLO

VIRUS DISEASES

Fiji

Genus Fijivirus; Fiji disease virus (FDV)

Maize chlorotic dwarf

Genus Waikavirus; Maize chlorotic dwarf virus (MCDV)

Maize mosaic

Genus Nucleorhabdovirus; Maize mosaic virus (MMV)

Maize rough dwarf

Genus Fijivirus; Maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV)

Maize streak

Genus Mastrevirus; Maize streak virus (MSV)

Maize stripe

Genus Tenuivirus; Maize stripe virus (MStV)

Mal de Rio Cuarto

Genus Fijivirus; Mal de Rio Cuarto virus (MRCV)

Mosaic

Genus Poacevirus; Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV)

Genus Potyvirus; Johnsongrass mosaic virus (JGMV), Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), Sorghum mosaic virus (SCMV), Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV)

Genus Tritimovirus; Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV)

Peanut clump

Genus Pecluvirus; Peanut clump virus (PCV)

Sorghum chlorotic spot

Genus Furovirus; Sorghum chlorotic spot virus (SgCSV)

Sorghum stunt mosaic

Family Rhabdoviridae; Sorghum stunt mosaic virus (SSMV)

Sorghum yellow banding

Genus unassigned; Sorghum yellow banding virus (SYBV)