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Common Names of Plant Diseases
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DisplayTitle
Diseases of Rice (
Oryza
and
Zizania
spp.)
Page Content
R. D. Cartwright, D. E. Groth, Y. A. Wamishe, C. A. Greer, L. A. Calvert, C. M. Vera Cruz, V. Verdier, and M. O. Way, primary collators (last update: 9/1/17)
ABIOTIC DISORDERS
Herbicide injury
Amino acid-inhibitor herbicides
Chlorophenoxy (phenoxyaliphatic, benzoic, and picolinic acid) herbicides
Chlorophyll/carotenoid-inhibitor herbicides
Delayed phytotoxicity syndrome
Unknown fungi or bacteria
Glutamine synthetase-inhibitor herbicides
Grass meristem-destroyer (cyclohexanedione) herbicides
Imidazolinone herbicides
Propanil herbicide
Sulfonylurea herbicides
Thiocarbamate herbicides
Nutrient deficiencies and toxicities
Nutrient deficiencies causing color change in young leaves:
Copper deficiency
Iron deficiency
Manganese deficiency
Sulfur deficiency
Zinc deficiency
Nutrient deficiencies and toxicities causing color change in older leaves:
Boron toxicity
Iron toxicity
Nitrogen deficiency
Phosphorus deficiency
Potassium deficiency
Salt toxicity
Silicon deficiency
Toxicity-related disorders
Akegare
Organic acids and toxic gases
Akiochi
Hydrogen sulfide toxicity
Straighthead
Cause unknown
BACTERIAL DISEASES
Bacterial blight
Xanthomonas oryzae
(ex Ishiyama) Swings et al. pv.
oryzae
(ex Ishiyama) Swings et al.
(syn.
Xanthomonas campestris
(Pammel) Dowson pv.
oryzae
(Ishiyama) Dye)
Bacterial brown stripe
Acidovorax avenae
(Manns) Willems et al. subsp.
avenae
(Manns) Willems et al. comb. nov.
(syn.
Pseudomonas avenae
Manns)
Pseudomonas syringae
van Hall pv.
panici
(Elliott) Young et al.
Bacterial leaf streak
Xanthomonas oryzae
(ex Ishiyama) Swings et al. pv.
oryzicola
(Fang et al.) Swings et al.
(syn.
Xanthomonas campestris
(Pammel) Dowson pv.
oryzicola
(Fang et al.) Dye)
Bacterial palea browning
Pantoea agglomerans
(Ewing & Fife) Gavini et al.
(syn.
Erwinia herbicola
(Löhnis) Dye)
Bacterial panicle blight and grain rot
Burkholderia gladioli
(Severini) Yabuuchi et al.
(syn.
Pseudomonas gladioli
Severini)
Burkholderia glumae
(Kurita & Tabei) Urakami et al.
(syn.
Pseudomonas glumae
Kurita & Tabei)
Foot rot
Dickeya chrysanthemi
(Burkholder, McFadden & Dimock) Samson et al. comb. nov.
(syn.
Erwinia chrysanthemi
Burkholder, McFadden & Dimock)
Halo blight
Pseudomonas syringae
van Hall pv.
oryzae
(ex Kuwata) Young et al.
Seedling blight
Burkholderia plantarii
(Azegami et al.) Urakami et al. comb. nov.
(syn.
Pseudomonas plantarii
Azegami et al.)
Sheath brown rot
Pseudomonas fuscovaginae
(ex Tanii, Miyajima & Akita) Miyajima, Tanii & Akita
Sheath rot
Pseudomonas syringae
van Hall pv.
syringae
van Hall
(syn.
Pseudomonas oryzicola
Klement)
FUNGAL AND OOMYCETE DISEASES
Seedling Diseases
Seed box diseases
Athelia rolfsii
(Curzi) C. C. Tu & Kimbr.
(syn.
Sclerotium rolfsii
Sacc.)
Bipolaris oryzae
(Breda de Haan) Shoemaker
(syn.
Cochliobolus miyabeanus
(Ito & Kurib.) Drechsler ex Dastur)
Boeremia exigua
(Desm.) Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley
(syn.
Phoma exigua
Desm.)
Fusarium
fujikuroi
Nirenberg
(syn.
Gibberella fujikuroi
(Sawada) Ito)
Mucor fragilis
Bainier
Pyricularia oryzae
Cavara
Rhizoctonia solani
J. G. Kühn
Trichoderma viride
Pers.:Fr.
Fusarium
spp.
Pythium
spp.
Rhizopus
spp.
Seedling blight (Damping-off)
Water-seeded rice:
Bipolaris oryzae
(Breda de Haan) Shoemaker
(syn.
Cochliobolus miyabeanus
(Ito & Kurib.) Drechsler ex Dastur)
Curvularia lunata
(Wakker) Boedijn
Fusarium verticillioides
(Sacc.) Nirenberg
Gerlachia oryzae
(Hashioka & Yokogi) W. Gams
Microdochium albescens
(Thüm.) Hern.-Restr. & Crous
(syn.
Monographella albescens
(Thüm.) V. O. Parkinson, Sivan. & C. Booth)
Nakataea oryzae
(Catt.) J. Luo & N. Zhang
(syn.
Magnaporthe salvinii
(Catt.) R. A. Krause & R. K. Webster)
Pyricularia oryzae
Cavara
Sarocladium oryzae
(Sawada) W. Gams & D. Hawksw.
(syns.
Acrocylindrium oryzae
Sawada;
Sarocladium attenuatum
W. Gams & D. Hawksw.)
Trichoconiella padwickii
(Ganguly) B. L. Jain
(syn.
Alternaria padwickii
(Ganguly) M. B. Ellis)
Dry-seeded rice:
Athelia rolfsii
(Curzi) C. C. Tu & Kimbr.
(syn
. Sclerotium rolfsii
Sacc.)
Globisporangium spinosum
(Sawada) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakish.
(syn.
Pythium spinosum
Sawada)
Pythium dissotocum
Drechsler
Rhizoctonia solani
J. G. Kühn
Water molds (Seed rot, seedling damping-off)
Achlya conspicua
Coker
Achlya klebsiana
Pieters
Globisporangium spinosum
(Sawada) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakish.
(syn.
Pythium spinosum
Sawada)
Pythium dissotocum
Drechsler
Fusarium
sp.
Foliar Diseases
Blast
Pyricularia oryzae
Cavara
(syn.
Magnaporthe oryzae
B. C. Couch)
Brown spot
Bipolaris oryzae
(Breda de Haan) Shoemaker
(syns.
Cochliobolus miyabeanus
(Ito & Kurib.) Drechsler ex Dastur;
Drechslera oryzae
(Breda de Haan) Subram. & P. C. Jain;
Helminthosporium oryzae
Breda de Haan)
Collar rot
Ascochyta oryzae
Catt.
(syn.
Phomopsis oryzae-sativae
Punith.)
Downy mildew
Sclerophthora macrospora
(Sacc.) Thirum., C. G. Shaw & Naras.
(syn.
Sclerospora macrospora
Sacc.)
Eyespot
Drechslera gigantea
S. Ito
Leaf scald
Microdochium albescens
(Thüm.) Hern.-Restr. & Crous
(syns.
Gerlachia oryzae
(Hashioka & Yokogi) W. Gams;
Griphosphaerella albescens
(Thüm.) Arx;
Metasphaeria albescens
Thüm.;
Micronectriella pavgii
R. A. Singh;
Monographella albescens
(Thüm.) V. O. Parkinson, Sivan. & C. Booth;
Rhynchosporium oryzae
Hashioka & Yokogi)
Leaf smut
Eballistra oryzae
(Syd. & P. Syd.) R. Bauer, Begerow, A. Nagler & Oberw.
(syn.
Entyloma oryzae
Syd. & P. Syd.)
Narrow brown leaf spot
Cercospora janseana
(Racib.) Constant.
(syns.
Cercospora oryzae
I. Miyake;
Napicladium janseanum
Racib.;
Passalora
janseana
(Racib.) U. Braun;
Sphaerulina oryzina
Hara)
Rusts
Puccinia graminis
f. sp.
oryzae
Gonz. Frag.
Uromyces
coronatus
Miyabe & Nishida ex Dietel
Stackburn
Trichoconiella
padwickii
(Ganguly) B. L. Jain
(syns.
Alternaria padwickii
(Ganguly) M. B. Ellis;
Trichoconis padwickii
Ganguly)
White leaf streak
Ramularia oryzae
Deighton & D. E. Shaw
(syn.
Mycovellosiella oryzae
(Deighton & D. E. Shaw) Deighton)
Sheath and Culm Diseases
Aggregate sheath spot (Brown sclerotial disease)
Ceratobasidium setariae
(Sawada)
Oniki, Ogoshi & T. Araki
(syns.
Ceratobasidium oryzae-sativae
P. S. Gunnell & R. K. Webster;
Rhizoctonia
oryzae-sativae
(Sawada) Mordue)
Crown sheath rot (Black sheath rot)
Gaeumannomyces graminis
(Sacc.) Arx & D. L. Olivier
Myrothecium blotch
Myrothecium verrucaria
(Alb. & Schwein.) Ditmar:Fr.
Sheath blight
Rhizoctonia solani
J. G. Kühn
(syn.
Thanatephorus cucumeris
(A. B. Frank) Donk)
Sheath blotch
Pyrenochaeta acicola
(Moug. & Lév.) Sacc.
(syn.
Pyrenochaeta oryzae
Shirai ex I. Miyake)
Sheath net blotch
Calonectria morganii
Crous, Alfenas & M. J. Wingfield
(syn.
Cylindrocladium scoparium
Morg.)
Sheath rot
Sarocladium oryzae
(Sawada) W. Gams & D. Hawksw.
(syns.
Acrocylindrium oryzae
Sawada;
Sarocladium attenuatum
W. Gams & D. Hawksw.)
Sheath spot (Bordered sheath spot, red sclerotial disease, Rhizoctonia sheath spot)
Waitea circinata
Warcup & Talbot
(syn.
Rhizoctonia oryzae
Ryker & Gooch, nom. inval.)
Stem rot
Nakataea oryzae
(Catt.) J. Luo & N. Zhang
(syns.
Leptosphaeria salvinii
Catt.;
Magnaporthe salvinii
(Catt.) R. A. Krause &
R. K. Webster;
Nakataea sigmoidea
(Cavara) Hara;
Sclerotium oryzae
Catt.;
Vakrabeeja sigmoidea
(Cavara) Subram.)
Root and Crown Diseases
Bakanae
Fusarium fujikuroi
Nirenberg
(syn.
Gibberella fujikuroi
(Sawada) Wollenweb.)
Root rots
Globisporangium irregulare
(Buisman) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakish.
(syn.
Pythium
irregulare
Buisman)
Globisporangium spinosum
(Sawada) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakish.
(syn.
Pythium spinosum
Sawada)
Pythium arrhenomanes
Drechsler
Pythium catenulatum
V. D. Matthews
Pythium dissotocum
Drechsler
Pythium graminicola
Subram.
Pythium myriotylum
Drechsler
Grain Diseases
Black kernel
Curvularia affinis
Boedijn
Curvularia clavata
B. L. Jain
Curvularia eragrostidis
(Henn.) J. A. Mey.
Curvularia fallax
Boedijn
Curvularia geniculata
(Tracy & Earle) Boedijn
Curvularia inaequalis
(Shear) Boedijn
Curvularia intermedia
Boedijn
Curvularia lunata
(Wakker) Boedijn
Curvularia oryzae
Bugnic.
Curvularia oryzae-sativae
Sivan.
Curvularia pallescens
Boedijn
Curvularia senegalensis
(Speg.) Subram.
Curvularia tuberculata
P. C. Jain
Curvularia uncinata
Bugnic.
Curvularia verruculosa
Tandon & Bilgrami ex M. B. Ellis
Ear blight (Ear blighting, ear discoloration, glume discoloration, panicle blight, false blast)
Alternaria oryzae
Hara
Bipolaris oryzae
(Breda de Haan) Shoemaker
(syn.
Cochliobolus miyabeanus
(Ito & Kurib.) Drechsler ex Dastur)
Cercospora janseana
(Racib.) Constant.
(syns.
Cercospora oryzae
I. Miyake;
Sphaerulina oryzina
Hara)
Curvularia lunata
(Wakker) Boedijn
Microdochium albescens
(Thüm.) Hern.-Restr. & Crous
(syns.
Gerlachia oryzae
(Hashioka & Yokogi) W. Gams;
Monographella albescens
(Thüm.) V. O. Parkinson, Sivan. & C. Booth)
Microdochium nivale
(Fr.:Fr.) Samuels & I. C. Hallett
(syns.
Fusarium nivale
(Fr: Fr.) Sorauer;
Monographella nivalis
(Schaffnit) E. Mull.)
Nakataea oryzae
(Catt.) J. Luo & N. Zhang
(syns.
Leptosphaeria salvinii
Catt.;
Magnaporthe salvinii
(Catt.) R. A. Krause &
R. K. Webster;
Nakataea sigmoidea
(Cavara) Hara;
Sclerotium oryzae
Catt.;
Vakrabeeja sigmoidea
(Cavara) Subram.)
Cladosporium
spp.
Epicoccum
spp.
Fusarium
spp.
Nigrospora
spp.
Phoma
spp.
False smut (Green smut, orange smut)
Ustilaginoidea
virens
(Cooke) Takah.
Glume blight
Epicoccum sorghinum
(Sacc.) Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley
(syns.
Phoma glumicola
Speg.;
Phoma insidiosa
Tassi;
Phoma sorghina
(Sacc.)
Boerema, Dorenb. & Kesteren;
Phyllosticta glumicola
(Speg.)
Hara;
Phyllosticta oryzina
Padwick;
Phyllosticta sorghina
Sacc.)
Grain discoloration (Yellow rice, spotted rice, brown spot, stackburn, red blotch, black kernel, pecky rice, dirty rice, bunt, scab, and black rot)
Dark discoloration:
Bipolaris oryzae
(Breda de Haan) Shoemaker
(syn.
Cochliobolus miyabeanus
(Ito & Kurib.) Drechsler ex Dastur)
Fusarium
fujikuroi
Nirenberg
(syn.
Gibberella fujikuroi
(Sawada) Ito)
Fusarium graminearum
Schwabe
(syn.
Gibberella zeae
(Schwein.:Fr.) Petch)
Microdochium albescens
(Thüm.) Hern.-Restr. & Crous
(syns.
Gerlachia oryzae
(Hashioka & Kokogi) W. Gams;
Monographella albescens
(Thüm.) V. O. Parkinson, Sivan. & C. Booth)
Sarocladium oryzae
(Sawada) W. Gams & D. Hawksw.
(syns.
Acrocylindrium oryzae
Sawada;
Sarocladium attenuatum
W. Gams & D. Hawksw.)
Tilletia horrida
Takah.
(syn.
Neovossia horrida
(Takah.) Padwick & A. Khan)
Trichoconiella padwickii
(Ganguly) B. L. Jain
(syn.
Alternaria padwickii
(Ganguly) M. B. Ellis)
Dirty-yellow discoloration:
Epicoccum sorghinum
(Sacc.) Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley
(syns.
Phoma glumicola
Speg.;
Phoma insidiosa
Tassi;
Phoma sorghina
(Sacc.)
Boerema, Dorenb. & Kesteren;
Phyllosticta glumicola
(Speg.)
Hara;
Phyllosticta oryzina
Padwick;
Phyllosticta sorghina
Sacc.)
Curvularia
spp.
Nigrospora
spp.
Other microorganisms that discolor grain:
Monascus purpureus
Went
Wolkia decolorans
(Wolk) Ramsb.
Phoma
spp.
Phyllosticta
spp.
Storage grain discoloration:
Absidia
spp.
Aspergillus
spp.
Chaetomium
spp.
Dematium
spp.
Monilia
spp.
Mucor
spp.
Penicillium
spp.
Rhizopus
spp.
Streptomyces
spp.
Syncephalastrum
spp.
Verticillium
spp.
Kernel smut
Tilletia barclayana
(Bref.) Sacc. & Syd.
(syns.
Neovossia barclayana
Bref.;
Neovossia
macrospora
Petr.;
Tilletia
ajrekarii
Mundk.;
Tilletia
pennisetina
Syd.)
Tilletia horrida
Takah.
(syn.
Neovossia horrida
(Takah.) Padwick & A. Khan)
Minute leaf and grain spot
Nigrospora oryzae
(Berk. & Broome) Petch
(syn.
Khuskia oryzae
H. J. Huds.)
Nigrospora padwickii
Prasad, Agnihotri & J. P. Agarwal
Nigrospora panici
Zimm.
Nigrospora sphaerica
(Sacc.) E. W. Mason
Red blotch of grains
Epicoccum neglectum
Desm.
Epicoccum nigrum
Link
(syn.
Epicoccum purpurascens
Ehrenb.)
Epicoccum oryzae
S. Ito
& Iwadare
Scab
Fusarium graminearum
Schwabe
(syn.
Gibberella zeae
(Schwein.:Fr.) Petch)
Udbatta (Black choke, incense rod, false ergot)
Balansia oryzae
(Syd.) Naras. & Thirum.
(syns.
Balansia oryzae-sativae
Hashioka;
Ephelis oryzae
Syd.;
Ephelis pallida
Pat.)
NEMATODES (PARASITIC)
Cyst nematodes
Heterodera elachista
Ohshima
Heterodera oryzae
Luc & Berdon
Heterodera oryzicola
Rao & Jayaprakash
Heterodera sacchari
Luc & Merny
Lance nematode
Hoplolaimus indicus
Sher
Lesion nematodes
Pratylenchus
spp.
Pratylenchus indicus
Das
Pratylenchus zeae
Graham
Rice-root nematodes
Hirschmanniella caudacrena
Sher
Hirschmanniella imamuri
Sher
Hirschmanniella mucronata
(Das) Luc & Goodey
Hirschmanniella oryzae
(van Breda de Haan) Luc & Goodey
Hirschmanniella spinicaudata
(Schuurmans-Stekhoven) Luc & Goodey
Ring nematodes
Criconemella
spp.
Criconemella onoensis
(Luc) Luc & Raski
Root-knot nematodes
Meloidogyne arenaria
(Neal) Chitwood
Meloidogyne graminicola
Golden & Birchfield
Meloidogyne incognita
(Kofoid & White) Chitwood
Meloidogyne javanica
(Treub) Chitwood
Meloidogyne oryzae
Mass, Sanders & Dede
Meloidogyne salasi
Lopez
Stem nematode
Ditylenchus
angustus
(Butler) Filipjev
Stunt nematodes
Tylenchorhynchus brassicae
Siddiqi
Tylenchorhynchus gladiolatus
Fortuner & Amougou
Tylenchorhynchus martini
Fielding
Tylenchorhynchus mashhoodi
Siddiqi & Basir
White-tip nematode
Aphelenchoides besseyi
Christie
PHYTOPLASMAL DISEASES
Orange leaf
‘
Candidatus
Phytoplasma’ species
Yellow dwarf
‘
Candidatus
Phytoplasma oryzae’
VIRAL DISEASES
Black-streaked dwarf
Rice black-streaked dwarf virus
(RBSDV)—genus
Fijivirus
; family
Reoviridae
Bunchy stunt
Rice bunchy stunt virus (RBSV)—genus unassigned (tentative member of the genus
Phytoreovirus
); family unassigned (tentative member of the family
Reoviridae
)
Dwarf
Rice dwarf virus
(RDV)—genus
Phytoreovirus
; family
Reoviridae
Gall dwarf
Rice gall dwarf virus
(RGDV)—genus
Phytoreovirus
; family
Reoviridae
Giallume
Barley yellow dwarf virus
(BYDV)—genus
Luteovirus
; family
Luteoviridae
Grassy stunt
Rice grassy stunt virus
(RGSV)—genus
Tenuivirus
; family
Phenuiviridae
Hoja blanca
Rice hoja blanca virus
(RHBV)—genus
Tenuivirus
; family
Phenuiviridae
Minor virus diseases
Echinochloa hoja blanca virus
(EHBV)—genus
Tenuivirus
; family
Phenuiviridae
Echinochloa ragged stunt virus
(ERSV)—genus
Oryzavirus
; family
Reoviridae
Rice tarsonemid mite virus (RTMV)—genus unassigned; family unassigned
Necrosis mosaic
Rice necrosis mosaic virus
(RNMV)—genus
Bymovirus
; family
Potyviridae
Ragged stunt
Rice ragged stunt virus
(RRSV)—genus
Oryzavirus
; family
Reoviridae
Southern black-streaked dwarf
Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus
(SRBSDV)—genus
Fijivirus
; family
Reoviridae
Stripe
Rice stripe virus
(RSV)—genus
Tenuivirus
; family
Phenuiviridae
Stripe necrosis
Rice stripe necrosis virus
(RSNV)—genus
Benyvirus
; family
Benyviridae
Transitory yellowing
Rice transitory yellowing virus
(RTYV)—genus
Nucleorhabdovirus
; family
Rhabdoviridae
Tungro (dual infection)
Rice tungro bacilliform virus
(RTBV)—genus
Tungrovirus
; family
Caulimoviridae
Rice tungro spherical virus
(RTSV)—genus
Waikavirus
; family
Secoviridae
Yellow mottle
Rice yellow mottle virus
(RYMV)—genus
Sobemovirus
; family unassigned
VIRUSLIKE DISEASE
Chlorotic streak
Unknown viruslike agent
Healthy Plants • Healthy World
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