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Diseases of Papaya
(Carica papaya L.)

W. T. Nishijima, primary collator (last update 5/28/99)

BACTERIAL DISEASES

Bacterial canker

Erwinia sp.

Bacterial leaf spot

Pseudomonas carica-papayae Robbs.

Bacterial wilt

Pseudomonas solanacearum E. F. Smith

Black rot

Erwinia cypripedii (Hori) Bergey et al (=Pectobacterium cypripedii (Hori) Brenner et al.)

Bunchy top

Unknown bacterium

Erwinia decline

Erwinia sp.

Erwinia mushy canker

Erwinia sp.

Internal yellowing

Enterobacter cloacae (Jordan) Hormaeche & Edwards

Purple stain

Erwinia herbicola Löehnis Dye

FUNGAL DISEASES

Alternaria fruit spot

Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl.

Angular leaf spot

Leveillula taurica (Lév.) G. Arnaud

Anthracnose

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz.

Black spot

Asperisporium caricae (Speg.) Maubl.

Cercospora papayae Hansf.

Phomopsis caricae-papayae Petr. & Cif.

Blossom spot

Choanephora cucurbitarum (Berk. & Ravenel) Thaxt.

Brown spot

Corynespora cassicola (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) C. T. Wei (=Cercospora melonis Cooke; = C. vignicola E. Kawamura; =Helminthosporium cassiicola Berk. & M. A. Curtis; =H. vignae Olive in Olive, Bain, & Lefebvre); = H. vignicola (E. Kawamura) Olive

Chocolate spot

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz.

Collar rot

Cylindrocladium crotalariae (C. A. Loos) D. K. Bell & Sobers

   (teleomorph: Calonectria crotalariae (C. A. Loos) D. K.
   Bell & Sobers)

Damping off

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in
   Penz.

Phytophthora palmivora (E. J. Butler) E. J. Butler

Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan var. parasitica
   (Dastur) G. M. Waterhouse (=Phytophthora parasitica
   Dastur)

Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp.

Pythium debaryanum Auct. non R. Hesse

Pythium ultimum Trow

Pythium sp.

Rhizoctonia solani Kühn

   (teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris (A. B. Frank)
   Donk)

Dry rot

Phoma caricae-papayae (Tarr) Punithalingam (=Ascochyta carica Pat. and A. caricae-papayae Tarr)

   (teleomorph: Mycosphaerella caricae Syd. & P. Syd.)

Foot rot

Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp.

Pythium ultimum Trow

Fruit rot

Monilia sp.

Fruit spot

Cercospora mamaonis Viégas & Chupp

Fusarium fruit rot

Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.

Fusarium spp.

Guignardia spot

Guignardia sp.

Greasy spot

Corynespora cassiicola. (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) C. T. Wei (=Cercospora melonis Cooke; = C. vignicola E. Kawamura; =Helminthosporium cassiicola Berk. & M. A. Curtis; =H. vignae Olive in Olive, Bain, & Lefebvre); = H. vignicola (E. Kawamura) Olive

Internal blight

Cladosporium sp.

Fusarium sp.

Penicillium sp.

Lasiodiplodia fruit rot

Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl. (=Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat.; =B. gossypii Ellis. & Barth.; =Diplodia theobromae (Pat.) W. Nowell; =D. gossypina Cooke; =D. natalensis Pole-Evans; =Lasiodiplodia triflorae Higgins)

Leaf spot

Alternaria sp.

Asperisporium caricae (Speg.) Maubl.

Cercospora mamaonis Viégas & Chupp

Cercospora papayae Hansf.

Choanephora cucurbitarum (Berk. & Ravenel) Thaxt.

Curvularia carica-papayae Srivastava and Bilgrami

Gloeosporium sp.

Phoma caricae-papayae (Tarr) Punithalingam
     (teleomorph: Mycosphaerella caricae Syd. & P. Syd.)

Phyllosticta sp.

Petiole spot

Didymella sp.

Phytophthora blight

Phytophthora palmivora (E. J. Butler) E. J. Butler

Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan var. parasitica
   (Dastur) G. M. Waterhouse (=Phytophthora parasitica
   Dastur)

Powdery mildew

Erysiphe cichoracearum De Candolle

Erysiphe sp.

Oidium caricae F. Noack

O. indica Kamat

Ovulariopsis papayae van der Bilz

Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht.) Poll.

S. humuli (D.C.) Burr.

Phytophthora fruit rot

Phytophthora capsici Leonian

Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan var. parasitica
   (Dastur) G. M. Waterhouse (=Phytophthora parasitica
   Dastur)

Phytophthora palmivora (E. J. Butler) E. J. Butler

Rhizopus soft rot

Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.:Fr.) Vuill. (=R. nigricans Ehrenb.)

Root rot

Phytophthora palmivora (E. J. Butler) E. J. Butler

Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp.

Pythium ultimum Trow

Pythium spp.

Rhizoctonia solani Kühn

   (teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris (A. B. Frank)
   Donk)

Sclerotium blight

Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.

   (teleomorph: Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) Tu & Kimbrough)

Seedling blight

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz.

Stem-end rot

Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl.

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in
   Penz.

Fusarium sp.

Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl.
   (=Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. =B. gossypii Ellis. &
   Barth.; =Diplodia theobromae (Pat.)W. Nowell; =D.
   gossypina Cooke; =D. natalensis Pole-Evans;
   =Lasiodiplodia triflorae Higgins)

Phoma caricae-papayae (Tarr) Punithalingam (=Ascochyta
   carica Pat. and A. caricae-papayae Tarr)
   (teleomorph: Mycosphaerella caricae Syd. & P. Syd.)

Phomopsis sp.

Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.:Fr.) Vuill. (=R. nigricans
   Ehrenb.)

Stemphylium fruit spot

Stemphylium lycopersici (Enjoji) W. Yamamoto (=Thyrospora lycopersici Enjoji; =S. floridanum Hannon &
   G. F. Weber)

Stem rot

Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.
     (teleomorph: Nectria haematococca Berk. & Broome)

Fusarium sp.

Phytophthora palmivora (E. J. Butler) E. J. Butler

Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp.

Pythium ultimum Trow

Target spot

Phyllosticta caricae-papayae Allesch.

Verticillium wilt

Verticillium dahliae Kleb.

Wet fruit rot

Phomopsis sp.

MISCELLANEOUS DISEASES & DISORDERS

Algal leaf spot

Cephaleuros virescens Kunze

Bumpy fruit

Boron deficiency

Freckles

Physiological

Nivum Haamir dieback

Unknown cause

NEMATODES, PARASITIC

Reniform nematode

Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira

R. parvus (Williams) Sher

Root-knot nematode

Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood

M. javanica (Treub) Chitwood

M. arenaria (Neal) Chitwood

M. hapla Chitwood

PHYTOPLASMAL DISEASES

Dieback

Phytoplasma

Yellow crinkle

Phytoplasma

VIRUS & VIROID DISEASES

Apical necrosis

Papaya apical necrosis rhabdovirus

Droopy necrosis

Papaya droopy necrosis rhabdovirus

Feather leaf

Unknown virus

Leaf curl

Virus suspected

Mosaic

Papaya mosaic potexvirus

Papaya ringspot

Papaya ringspot potyvirus

Spotted wilt

Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus

Terminal necrosis and wilt

Tobacco ringspot nepovirus