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Diseases of Elm (Ulmus spp.)

R. Jay Stipes, primary collator (last update 3/8/93)

BACTERIAL DISEASES

Bacterial wetwood

Enterobacter nimipressuralis (Carter) Brenner et al.

= Erwinia nimipressuralis Carter

Bacillus megaterium de Bary

Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula

Discoloration (xylem)

Bacteria

Elm leaf scorch

Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al.

FUNGAL DISEASES

Anthracnose

Asteroma inconspicuum (Cavara) Sutton

= Gloeosporium inconspicuum Cavara

G. ulmicola L.E. Miles

Armillaria root rot (shoestring root rot)

Armillaria mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P. Kumm.

(anamorph: Rhizomorpha subcorticalis Pers.)

Blackspot

Asteroma ulmeum (L.E. Miles) Sutton

= Gloeosporium ulmeum L.E. Miles

(teleomorph: Stegophora ulmea (Schwein.:Fr.) Syd. &
    P. Syd. = Gnomonia ulmea (Schwein.:Fr.) Thuem.)

Botryodiplodia canker

Sphaeropsis ulmicola Ellis & Everh.

= Botryodiplodia hydrodermia (Sacc.) Petr.

Botryosphaeria canker

Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug.:Fr.) Ces. & DeNot.

(anamorph: Fusicoccum aesculi Corda)

British tar spot

Dothidella ulmi (Duval:Fr.) Theiss. & Syd.

Chalara root rot

Chalara thielavioides (Peyronel) Nag Raj & Kendrick

Coniothyrium canker

Coniothyrium spp.

C. celtidis-australis (Sacc.) Biga

C. fuckelii Sacc.

(teleomorph: Diapleella coniothyrium (Fuckel) Barr)

Cytospora canker

Cytospora chrysosperma (Pers.:Fr.) Fr.

(teleomorph: Valsa sordida Nitschke)

C. leucosperma (Pers.:Fr.) Fr.

= C. ambiens Sacc.

(teleomorph: V. ambiens (Pers.:Fr.) Fr.)

C. nivea Sacc.

(teleomorph: Leucostoma nivea (Hoffm.:Fr.) Hohn.)

Cytosporina canker

Cytosporina ludibunda Sacc.

Damping-off, Fusarium

Fusarium spp.

Damping-off, Pythium

Pythium ultimum Trow

Damping-off, Rhizoctonia

Rhizoctonia solani Kühn

(teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris (A.B. Frank) Donk)

Decay (xylem)

Trametes versicolor (L.:Fr.) Pilat

= Coriolus versicolor (L.:Fr.) Quel.

Flammulina velutipes (Curtis:Fr.) Singer

Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat.

= Fomes applanatus (Pers.) Gill.

Phellinus spp.

= Fomes spp.

Pleurotus spp.

Polyporus squamosus (Huds.:Fr.) Fr.

Other basidiomycetes

Discoloration (xylem)

Deuteromycetes

Dothiorella canker and wilt

Dothiorella ulmi Verrall & May

Dutch elm disease

Ophiostoma ulmi (Buisman) Nannf.

= Ceratocystis ulmi (Buisman) C. Moreau

(anamorph: Pesotum ulmi (M.B. Schwarz) J.L. Crane
    & Schoknecht

= Graphium ulmi M.B. Schwarz)

O. novo-ulmi C. Brasier

Leaf blister

Taphrinaulmi (Fuckel) Johans.

Mistletoe (infection)

Phoradendron serotinum (Raf.) M.C. Johnst.

= P. flavescens (Pursh) Nutt.

P. tomentosum (DC.) Wiens

Viscum album L.

Nectria canker

Nectria spp.

N. cinnabarina (Tode:Fr.) Fr.

(anamorph: Tubercularia vulgaris Tode:Fr.)

N. coccinea (Pers.:Fr.) Fr.

(anamorph: Cylindrocarpon candidum (Link) Wollenw.)

N. ditissima Tul. & C. Tul.

(anamorph: C. willkommii (Lindau) Wollenweb.)

N. galligena Bres. in Strass.

(anamorph: C. heteronemum (Berk. & Broome) Wollenw.)

Phoma canker

Phoma glomerata (Corda) Wollenweb. & Hochapfel

= P. conidiogena Schegg

Phomopsis canker

Phomopsis oblonga (Desmaz.) Traverso

(teleomorph: Diaporthe eres Nitschke)

Phymatotrichum root rot (cotton root rot)

Phymatotrichopsis omnivora (Duggar) Hennebert

= Phymatotrichum omnivorum Duggar

Phytophthora canker (pit canker)

Phytophthora inflata Caroselli & Tucker

Phytophthora root rot

Phytophthora megasperma Drechs.

Powdery mildew

Microsphaera penicellata (Wallr.:Fr.) Lev.

= M. alni (Wallr.:Fr.) G. Wint.

Phyllactinia angulata (E.S. Salmon) S. Blumer

= P. corylea (Pers.) P. Karst. var. angulata E.S. Salmon

P. guttata (Wallr.:Fr.) Lev.

(anamorph: Oidium sp.)

Uncinula macrospora Peck

U. parvula Cooke & Peck

Uncinuliella flexuosa (Peck) U. Braun

Schizoxylon canker

Schizoxylon microsporum Davidson & Lorenz

Sooty mold

Perisporiaceae (Ascomycetes): numerous dark-spored fungi imperfecti

Thyrostroma canker

Stigmina compacta (Sacc.) M.B. Ellis

= Thyrostroma compactum (Sacc.) Hohn.

Tubercularia canker

Tubercularia ulmea J.C. Carter

Verticillium wilt

Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berthier

V. dahlia Kleb.

Violet root rot

Helicobasidium brebissonii (Desmaz.) Donk

(anamorph: Rhizoctonia crocorum (Pers.: Fr.) DC.)

MISCELLANEOUS DISEASES OR DISORDERS

Discoloration (xylem)

Actinomycetes

NEMATODES, PARASITIC

Lance

Hoploliamus spp.

Ring

Criconemella spp.

Root-knot

Meloidoglyne spp.

Spiral

Helicotylenchus spp.

Stunt

Tylenchorhynchus spp.

VIRUS DISEASES

Elm mosaic

Elm mosaic virus

Elm mottle

Elm mottle virus

Elm stripe

Viruslike

Elm witches' broom

MLO (graft-transmissible)

Elm yellows (phloem necrosis)

MLO (graft-transmissible)

Zonate canker

Virus (graft-transmissible)