DisplayTitle

Diseases of Bedding Plants 

BACTERIAL DISEASES

Aster yellows

‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris,’ aster yellows (16SrI-B) group, Lee et al.

Bacterial blight of geranium

Xanthomonas hortorum pv. pelargonii (Brown) Vauterin et al. (Pelargonium and Geranium spp.)

        (syn. Xanthomonas campestris pv. pelargonii (Brown) Dye)

Bacterial blight of Matthiola spp.

Xanthomonas campestris pv. incanae (Kendrick & Baker) Dye (Matthiola spp.)

Bacterial leaf spot and flower spot of zinnia

Xanthomonas campestris (Pammel) Dowson (Zinnia spp.)

        (syns. Xanthomonas campestris pv. zinniae (Hopkins & Dowson) Dye;
        Xanthomonas nigromaculans f. sp. zinniae Hopkins & Dowson)

        [Note: Should be considered Xanthomonas campestris sensu lato until further studied.]

Bacterial leaf spot of ranunculus

Xanthomonas campestris (Pammel) Dowson (Ranunculus spp.)

Bacterial soft rot

Dickeya chrysanthemi pv. chrysanthemi (Burkholder et al.) Samson et al.

        (syn. Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. chrysanthemi Burkholder et al.)

Pectobacterium atrosepticum (van Hall) Gardan et al.

        (syn. Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica (van Hall) Dye)

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Jones) Hauben et al. emend Gardan
et al.

        (syn. Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Jones) Bergey et al.)

Crown gall

Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith & Townsend) Conn

        (syn. Rhizobium radiobacter (Beijerinck & van Delden) Young et al.)

Leafy gall (Bacterial fasciation)

Rhodococcus fascians (Tilford) Goodfellow

        (syn. Corynebacterium fascians (Tilford) Dawson)

Periwinkle wilt

Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. (Catharanthus roseus; many woody plant and weed hosts; some strain specialization)

Pseudomonas leaf spot

Pseudomonas cichorii (Swingle) Stapp

Pseudomonas syringae pv. antirrhini (Takimoto) Young et al. (Antirrhinum spp.)

Pseudomonas syringae pv. primulae (Ark & Gardner) Young et al. (Primula spp.)

Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae van Hall

Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis (Hellmers) Young et al. (Tagetes and Helianthus spp.)

Southern bacterial wilt

Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. (some strain specialization)

        (syn. Pseudomonas solanacearum (Smith) Smith)

FUNGAL DISEASES

Alternaria leaf spot

Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl. (Catharanthus spp., Dahlia spp., Gerbera spp., Impatiens balsamina, and Pelargonium spp.)

(syn. Alternaria tenuis Nees)

Alternaria dianthicola Neerg. (Dianthus spp.)

Alternaria ellipsoidea E. G. Simmons (Dianthus spp.)

Alternaria nobilis (Vize) E. G. Simmons (Dianthus spp.) 

        (syn. Alternaria dianthi F. Stevens & J. G. Hall)

Alternaria saponariae (Peck) Neerg. (Dianthus spp.)

Alternaria tagetica S. K. Shome & Mustafee (Tagetes spp.)

Alternaria zinniae M. B. Ellis (Cosmos, Helianthus, Tagetes, and Zinnia spp., among others)

Anthracnose

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc.

        (syn. Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. & H. Schrenk)

Colletotrichum theobromicola Delacr. (Cyclamen persicum)

        (syn. Colletotrichum fragariae A. N. Brooks)

Cryptocline cyclaminis Sibilia (Arx) (Cyclamen persicum)

        (syn. Gloeosporium cyclaminis Sibilia)

Black root rot

Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. & Broome) Ferraris (hosts in multiple genera, including Calibrachoa, Catharanthus, Petunia, and Viola spp.)

        (syn. Chalara elegans Nag Raj & W. B. Kendr.)

Botrytis blight

Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr. 

        (syn. Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel)

Cercospora leaf spots

Cercospora apii Fresen. (hosts in multiple genera, including Moluccella and Impatiens spp.)

Cercospora violae Sacc. (Viola spp.)

Choanephora wet rot

Choanephora cucurbitarum (Berk. & Ravenel) Thaxt. (multiple hosts, including Begonia, Catharanthus, Dahlia, Helianthus, Plectranthus, Tagetes, Tropaeolum, and Zinnia spp.)

Choanephora infundibulifera (Curr.) Sacc. (Dahlia, Petunia, and Zinnia spp.)

Corynespora leaf spot

Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) C. T. Wei

        (syn. Helminthosporium cassiicola Berk. & M. A. Curtis)

Fairy ring leaf spot

Cladosporium echinulatum (Berk.) G. A. de Vries (multiple hosts, including Dianthus and Salvia spp.)

        (syns. Didymellina dianthi C. C. Burt; Heterosporium echinulatum (Berk.) Cooke; Mycosphaerella dianthi (C. C. Burt) Jørst.)

Fusarium root, crown, and stem rots

Fusarium avenaceum (Fr.:Fr.) Sacc. (Eustoma grandiflorum and others)

        (syn. Gibberella avenacea R. J. Cook)

Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl.:Fr. 

Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.

Fusarium wilts

 Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl.:Fr. (vascular wilts caused by different formae speciales on Cyclamen persicum, as well as Dahlia, Eustoma, Gerbera, and Ranunculus spp.)

Itersonilia petal blight

Itersonilia perplexans Derx (Anemone, Callistephus, Chrysanthemum, and Dahlia spp.; other hosts in Asteraceae and some in Apiaceae)

Itersonilia seedling blight, leaf spots, and root canker

Itersonilia perplexans Derx (Helianthus spp. and other hosts in Apiaceae and Asteraceae)

Mycocentrospora leaf spot

Mycocentrospora acerina (R. Hartig) Deighton (Petunia, Ranunculus, and Viola spp.; other hosts in various families)

        (syns. Centrospora acerina (R. Hartig) Vienn.-Bourg.; Cercospora acerina R. Hartig)

Myrothecium leaf spot and canker

Myrothecium verrucaria (Alb. & Schwein.) Ditmar:Fr. (Zinnia spp.)

Paramyrothecium roridum (Tode) L. Lombard & Crous (hosts in multiple genera, including Impatiens hawkeri and Viola spp.)

        (syn. Myrothecium roridum Tode)

Phomopsis stem and leaf blight

Diaporthe sp. (Eustoma spp. and others)

Phyllosticta leaf spot

Phyllosticta sp. (Salvia spp. and others)

Powdery mildews

Erysiphe aquilegiae DC. (Aquilegia spp. and primarily other plants in Ranunculaceae)

Erysiphe begoniicola U. Braun & S. Takam. (hosts in Begoniaceae)

        (syns. Microsphaera begoniae Sivan.; Oidium begoniae var. macrosporum A. A. Mendonça & Marta Seq.)

Erysiphe cruciferarum Opiz ex L. Junell

        (syn. Erysiphe pisi var. cruciferarum (Opiz ex L. Junell) Ialongo)

Erysiphe pisi var. pisi DC. (hosts in Fabaceae and some other families)

Erysiphe polygoni DC. (hosts in Polygonaceae)

Euoidium longipes (Noordel. & Loer.) U. Braun & R. T. A. Cook (hosts in Solanaceae)

        (syn. Oidium longipes Noordel. & Loer.)

Fibroidium heliotropii-indici (Sawada) U. Braun & R. T. A. Cook (Heliotropium spp. and many additional hosts)

Golovinomyces asterum var. asterum (Schwein.) U. Braun (hosts in Asteraceae)

Golovinomyces biocellatus (Ehrenb.) Heluta (hosts in Lamiaceae)

Golovinomyces cichoracearum (DC.) Heluta (hosts in Asteraceae and Cucurbitaceae)

        (syns. Erysiphe cichoracearum DC.; Erysiphe cichoracearum var. cichoracearum DC.)

Golovinomyces monardae (G. S. Nagy) M. Scholler et al. (hosts in Lamiaceae)

Golovinomyces orontii (Castagne) Heluta

(syns. Erysiphe orontii Castagne; Erysiphe polyphaga Hammarl.; Oidium begoniae Puttemans)

Golovinomyces spadiceus (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) U. Braun (hosts in Asteraceae)

Leveillula taurica (Lév.) G. Arnaud

Neoerysiphe cumminsiana (U. Braun) U. Braun (hosts in Asteraceae)

        (syn. Erysiphe cumminsiana U. Braun)

Neoerysiphe galeopsidis (DC.) D. Braun (hosts in Acanthaceae and Bignoniaceae; Althaea, Lamium, and Stachys spp.)

        (syn. Erysiphe cichoracearum f. galeopsidis (DC.) E. S. Salmon)

Podosphaera fuliginea (Schltdl.) U. Braun & S. Takam.

        (syns. Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schltdl.) Pollacci; Sphaerotheca humuli var. fuliginea (Schltdl.) E. S. Salmon)

Podosphaera fusca (Fr.:Fr.) U. Braun & S. Takam.

        (syn. Sphaerotheca fusca (Fr.:Fr.) S. Blumer)

Podosphaera macularis (Wallr.:Fr.) U. Braun & S. Takam. (Humulus spp. and hosts in multiple other genera)

        (syns. Sphaerotheca humuli (DC.) Burrill; Sphaerotheca macularis (Wallr.:Fr.) Magnus)

Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) U. Braun & Shishkoff

Pseudoidium cyclaminis (Wenzl) U. Braun & R. T. A. Cook (Cyclamen persicum)

        (syn. Oidium cyclaminis Wenzl)

Pseudoidium neolycopersici (L. Kiss) L. Kiss (Petunia spp. and other Solanaceae)

        (syn. Oidium neolycopersici L. Kiss)

Rhizoctonia root and stem rot

Rhizoctonia solani J. G. Kühn

        (syn. Thanatephorus cucumeris (A. B. Frank) Donk)

Rhizoctonia web blight

Rhizoctonia solani J. G. Kühn

        (syn. Thanatephorus cucumeris (A. B. Frank) Donk)

Rhizopus blight

Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.:Fr.) Vuill. (many hosts, including Catharanthus roseus and Gerbera jamesonii)

        (syn. Rhizopus nigricans Ehrenb.)

Rusts

Bellis rust

        Puccinia lagenophorae Cooke (hosts in Asteraceae and other families)

Brown rust of chrysanthemum

        Puccinia chrysanthemi Roze (Chrysanthemum spp.)

                (syn. Puccinia tanaceti DC.)

Chrysanthemum white rust

        Puccinia horiana Henn. (Chrysanthemum spp.)

Geranium rust

        Puccinia pelargonii-zonalis Doidge (Pelargonium spp.)

Salvia rust

        Puccinia ballotiflora Long (Salvia spp.)

                (syn. Puccinia ballotaeflora Long)

Snapdragon rust

        Puccinia antirrhini Dietel & Holw. (Antirrhinum and Cordylanthus spp.)

Texas sage rust

        Puccinia salviicola Dietel & Holw. (Salvia spp.)

Sclerotinia blight or white mold

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary

Southern blight

Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) C. C. Tu & Kimbr.

        (syns. Corticium rolfsii Curzi; Pellicularia rolfsii (Curzi) E. West; Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)

Verticillium wilt

Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berthold

Verticillium dahliae Kleb.

White smut

Entyloma bellidis Krieg. (Astranthium and Bellis spp.)

Entyloma calendulae (Oudem.) de Bary (Calendula spp.)

Entyloma dahliae Syd. & P. Syd. (Dahlia spp.)

        (syn. Entyloma calendulae f. sp. dahliae (Syd. & P. Syd.) Viégas)

Entyloma gaillardianum Vanky (Gaillardia spp.)

Entyloma microsporum (Unger) J. Schröt. (Ranunculus spp.)

Entyloma polysporum (Peck) Farl. (Gaillardia spp. and other Asteraceae)

OOMYCETE DISEASES

Downy Mildews

China aster downy mildew

Basidiophora entospora Roze & Cornu (hosts in Asteraceae, including Callistephus chinensis)

Cleome downy mildew

Hyaloperonospora parasitica (Pers.:Fr.) Constant. (Cleome sp.)

Coleus downy mildew

Peronospora sp. (Plectranthus and Agastache spp.)

Gerber daisy downy mildew

Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni (Gerbera jamesonii and other Asteraceae)

Impatiens downy mildew

Plasmopara constantinescui Voglmayr & Thines (Impatiens spp.)

        (syn. Bremiella sphaerosperma Constant.)

Plasmopara obducens (J. Schröt.) J. Schröt. (Impatiens spp.)

Lisianthus downy mildew

Peronospora chlorae de Bary (Eustoma spp. and other Gentianaceae)

Pansy and viola downy mildew

Peronospora violae de Bary (Viola wittrockiana)

Plasmopara megasperma (Berl.) Berl. (Viola wittrockiana)

        (syn. Bremiella megasperma (Berl.) G. W. Wilson)

Primrose downy mildew

Peronospora oerteliana J. G. Kühn (Primula spp.)

Salvia spp. downy mildew

Peronospora lamii A. Braun (Salvia spp. and other Lamiaceae)

Peronospora swinglei Ellis & Everh. (Salvia spp.)

Salvia officinalis downy mildew

Peronospora salviae-officinalis Y. J. Choi et al. (Salvia officinalis)

Snapdragon downy mildew

Peronospora antirrhini J. Schröt. (Antirrhinum majus)

Stock downy mildew

Hyaloperonospora parasitica (Pers.:Fr.) Constant. (hosts in Brassicaceae)

        (syn. Peronospora parasitica (Pers.:Fr.) Fr.)

Peronospora matthiolae Gäum. (several Matthiola spp.)

Sweet alyssum downy mildew

Hyaloperonospora lobulariae (Ubrizsy & Vörös) Göker et al. (Lobularia maritima)

Hyaloperonospora parasitica (Pers.:Fr.) Constant. (Lobularia maritima and other Brassicaceae)

        (syn. Peronospora parasitica (Pers.:Fr.) Fr.)

Verbena downy mildew

Peronospora verbenae U. Braun et al. (Verbena officinalis)

Phytophthora Diseases

Late blight

Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary (hosts in 16 genera, including Lycopersicon, Petunia, and Solanum)

Phytophthora root and crown rot

Phytophthora capsici Leonian (hosts in many genera in many families, including
      Calibrachoa hybrids, Capsicum annuum, Lupinus spp., and Nicotiana spp.)

Phytophthora cryptogea Pethybr. & Laff. (hosts in many genera in many families, including
     Antirrhinum majus, Begonia spp., Bellis perennis, Calceolaria crenatiflora,
     Celosia spp., Chrysanthemum morifolium, Dahlia hybrids, Dianthus barbatus,
     Gerbera jamesonii, Matthiola incana, Osteospermum ecklonis, Petunia hybrida,
     Salvia officinalis, Senecio cruentus, Tagetes erecta, Verbena hybrida,
     and Zinnia elegans)

Phytophthora drechsleri Tucker (hosts in many genera in many families, including
     Calibrachoa hybrids, Celosia argentea, Fuchsia hybrida, Gerbera jamesonii,
     Helichrysum bracteatum, Salvia splendens, and Senecio cruentus)

Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan (hosts in many genera in many families,
     including Begonia spp., Catharanthus roseus, Gerbera jamesonii, and Petunia hybrida)

        (syns. Phytophthora parasitica Dastur; Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae
        (Breda de Haan) Tucker)

Phytophthora tropicalis Aragaki & J. Y. Uchida (hosts in multiple genera, including
     Begonia sp., Cuphea ignea, Cyclamen persicum, Gerbera jamesonii, Lupinus albus,
     and Senecio cineraria)

Pythium Root Rots

Globisporangium cryptoirregulare (Garzón et al.) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium cryptoirregulare (Garzón et al.)

Globisporangium debaryanum (R. Hesse) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium debaryanum R. Hesse)

Globisporangium intermedium (de Bary) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium intermedium de Bary)

Globisporangium irregulare (Buisman) Uzuhashi et al. 

        (syn. Pythium irregulare Buisman)

Globisporangium mamillatum (Meurs) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium mamillatum Meurs)

Globisporangium mastophorum (Drechsler) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium mastophorum Drechsler)

Globisporangium megalacanthum (de Bary) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium megalacanthum de Bary)

Globisporangium middletonii (Sparrow) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium middletonii Sparrow)

Globisporangium paroecandrum (Drechsler) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium paroecandrum Drechsler)

Globisporangium spinosum (Sawada) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium spinosum Sawada)

Globisporangium splendens (Hans Braun) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium splendens Hans Braun)

Globisporangium sylvaticum (W. A. Campb. & F. F. Hendrix) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium sylvaticum W. A. Campb. & F. F. Hendrix)

Globisporangium ultimum (Trow) Uzuhashi et al.

        (syn. Pythium ultimum Trow)

Phytopythium oedochilum (Drechsler) Abad et al.

        (syn. Pythium oedochilum Drechsler)

Phytopythium vexans (de Bary) Abad et al.

        (syn. Pythium vexans de Bary)

Pythium acanthicum Drechsler

Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp.

Pythium myriotylum Drechsler

White Blister Rusts

Albugo candida (Pers.:Fr.) Kuntze (hosts in Brassicaceae; some reports from other families)

Albugo chardonii W. Weston (Cleome spp.)

        [Note: Possibly a synonym of Albugo candida.]

Pustula centaurii (Hansf.) Thines et al. (hosts in Gentianaceae, including Eustoma grandiflorum)

Pustula tragopogonis (Pers.) Thines (hosts in Asteraceae, including Gerbera, Helianthus, and Tragopogon spp., and several familiar weeds, including Ambrosia, Antennaria, Artemisia, Cirsium, Matricaria, and Parthenium spp.)

        (syn. Albugo tragopogonis (Pers.) Gray)

NEMATODES (PARASITIC)

Root-Knot Nematodes

Javanese root-knot nematode

Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) Chitwood

Northern root-knot nematode

Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood

Peanut root-knot nematode

Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood

Southern root-knot nematode

Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood

Foliar Nematodes

Chrysanthemum foliar nematode

Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi (Schwartz) Steiner & Buhrer

Spring crimp nematode (syn. Strawberry crimp nematode)

Aphelenchoides fragariae (Ritzema Bos) Christie

Spring dwarf nematode

Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie

Vector Nematode

American dagger nematode

Xiphinema americanum Cobb

VIRUS AND VIROID DISEASES

Alternanthera mosaic

Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV)—genus Potexvirus; family Alphaflexiviridae (hosts in multiple families, including Angelonia, Crossandra, Helichrysum, Phlox, Portulaca, Salvia, Scutellaria, Torenia, and Zinnia spp.)

Angelonia flower break

Angelonia flower break virus (AnFBV)—genus Alphacarmovirus; family Tombusviridae (Angelonia, Nemesia, Phlox, and Verbena spp.)

Bean yellow mosaic

Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV)—genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae (hosts in Fabaceae, as well as Eustoma grandiflorum and various other plants)

Bidens mottle

Bidens mottle virus (BMoV)—genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae (many hosts in Asteraceae; other ornamental, vegetable, and weed hosts)

Broad bean wilt

Broad bean wilt virus 1 (BBWV-1)—genus Fabavirus; subfamily Comovirinae; family Secoviridae (many hosts, including Begonia and Petunia spp.)

Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV-2)—genus Fabavirus; subfamily Comovirinae; family Secoviridae (Catharanthus roseus and Eustoma grandiflorum)

Calibrachoa mottle

Calibrachoa mottle virus (CbMV)—genus Carmovirus (proposed: Alphacarmovirus); family Tombusviridae (Calibrachoa and Petunia spp.)

Carnation mottle

Carnation mottle virus (CarMV)—genus Carmovirus (proposed: Alphacarmovirus); family Tombusviridae (Begonia, Dianthus, and Zantedeschia spp.; a few other hosts)

Chrysanthemum stem necrosis

Chrysanthemum stem necrosis virus (CSNV)—genus Tospovirus; family Bunyaviridae (Chrysanthemum, Eustoma, and Solanum spp.)

Clover yellow mosaic

Clover yellow mosaic virus (ClYMV)—genus Potexvirus; family Alphaflexiviridae (Antirrhinum spp., members of Papilionaceae, and several additional weed and cultivated hosts)

Coleus vein necrosis

Coleus vein necrosis virus (CVNV)—genus Carlavirus; family Betaflexiviridae (Plectranthus and Verbena spp.)

Cucumber mosaic

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)—genus Cucumovirus; family Bromoviridae

Dahlia mosaic

Dahlia common mosaic virus (DCMV)—possible member of genus Caulimovirus; family Caulimoviridae (Dahlia spp.)

Dahlia mosaic virus (DMV)—genus Caulimovirus; family Caulimoviridae (Dahlia spp.)

        (syn. DMV-Portland)

Dahlia variabilis endogenous plant pararetroviral sequence (DvEPRS)—possible member of genus Petuvirus; family Caulimoviridae (Dahlia spp.)

        (syn. DMV-D10)

Hibiscus chlorotic ringspot

Hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (HCRSV)—genus Betacarmovirus; family Tombusviridae (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and other Malvaceae, primarily)

Impatiens necrotic spot

Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV)—genus Tospovirus; family Bunyaviridae

Iris yellow spot

Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV)—genus Tospovirus; family Bunyaviridae (Alstroemeria, Chrysanthemum, Eustoma, Iris, and Portulaca spp.; select other species in multiple families)

Lettuce mosaic

Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV)—genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae (hosts in Asteraceae, including Gazania and Osteospermum spp.; some members of Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, and Solanaceae)

Lisianthus line pattern

Lisianthus line pattern virus (LLPV)—possible member of genus Ilarvirus; family Bromoviridae

Lisianthus necrosis

Lisianthus necrosis virus (LNV)—possible member of genus Tombusvirus; family Tombusviridae (Eustoma grandiflorum)

        [Note: Possibly same as Eggplant mottled crinkle virus (EMCV).]

Lisianthus necrotic ringspot

Lisianthus necrotic ringspot virus (LNRV)—possible member of genus Tospovirus; family Bunyaviridae (Eustoma grandiflorum)

        [Note: This disease is possibly caused by Iris yellow spot virus.]

Nemesia ring necrosis

Nemesia ring necrosis virus (NeRNV)—genus Tymovirus; family Tymoviridae (Alonsoa, Diascia, Lobelia, Nemesia, Sutera, and Verbena spp.)

Pelargonium flower break

Pelargonium flower break virus (PFBV)—genus Alphacarmovirus; family Tombusviridae (Pelargonium spp.; other hosts experimentally)

Pepper veinal mottle

Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV)—genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae (Capsicum and Solanum spp.)

Petunia flower mottle

Colombian datura virus (CDV)—genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae (Brugmansia, Petunia, and Solanum spp.)

        (syn. Petunia flower mottle virus (PetFMV))

Petunia vein banding

Petunia vein banding virus (PetVBV)—genus Tymovirus; family Tymoviridae (Petunia hybrida)

Petunia vein clearing

Petunia vein clearing virus (PVCV)—genus Petuvirus; family Caulimoviridae (Petunia hybrida)

Ranunculus mild mosaic

Ranunculus mild mosaic virus (RanMMV)—genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae (Ranunculus asiaticus)

Ranunculus mosaic

Ranunculus mosaic virus (RanMV)—genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae (Ranunculus spp.)

Scrophularia mottle

Scrophularia mottle virus (ScrMV)—genus Tymovirus; family Tymoviridae (Antirrhinum, Catharanthus, and Scrophularia spp., plus a few others)

Tobacco etch

Tobacco etch virus (TEV)—genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae (many hosts, including Capsicum, Datura, Linaria, Nicotiana, and Solanum spp.)

Tobacco mosaic

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)—genus Tobamovirus; family Virgaviridae

Tobacco rattle

Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)—genus Tobravirus; family Virgaviridae

Tobacco ringspot

Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV)—genus Nepovirus; subfamily Comovirinae; family Secoviridae (many hosts, including Anemone, Chaenostoma, Pelargonium, Petunia, and Portulaca spp.)

Tobacco streak

Tobacco streak virus (TSV)—genus Ilarvirus; family Bromoviridae (many hosts, including Alstroemeria, Dahlia, Eustoma, Helianthus, and Impatiens spp.)

Tomato aspermy

Tomato aspermy virus (TAV)—genus Cucumovirus; family Bromoviridae (many hosts, including Canna, Chrysanthemum, and Lilium spp.)

Tomato bushy stunt

Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV)—genus Tombusvirus; family Tombusviridae (relatively restricted host range; includes Capsicum annuum)

Tomato chlorotic spot

Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV)—genus Tospovirus; family Bunyaviridae (host range not well known; includes Eustoma grandiflorum and Impatiens spp.)

Tomato mosaic

Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)—genus Tobamovirus; family Virgaviridae (many hosts in Solanaceae; additional hosts in other families)

Tomato ringspot

Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV)—genus Nepovirus; family Secoviridae

Tomato spotted wilt

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)—genus Tospovirus; family Bunyaviridae

Turnip mosaic

Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV)—genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae

Other Viruses and Viroids

Chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid (CChMVd)—genus Pelamoviroid; family
     Avsunviroidae (Chrysanthemum spp.)

Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd)—genus Pospiviroid; family Pospiviroidae
     (Argyranthemum, Chrysanthemum, and Petunia spp.)

Helenium virus S (HVS)—genus Carlavirus; family Betaflexiviridae (Helenium amarum,
     Impatiens holstii)

Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd)—genus Pospiviroid; family Pospiviroidae
     (hosts in Solanaceae)

Potato virus X (PVX)—genus Potexvirus; family Alphaflexiviridae (many hosts,
     particularly in Solanaceae)

Potato virus Y (PVY)—genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae (many hosts in 31 families)

Primula mosaic virus (PrMV)—possible member of genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae
     (Primula spp.)

Primula mottle virus (PrMoV)—possible member of genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae
     (Primula spp.)

Verbena virus Y (VVY)—genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae (Verbena spp.)