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Diseases of Avocado
(Persea americana Miller)

H. D. Ohr, M. D. Coffer, and R. T. McMillan, Jr., primary collators (last update 4/8/03)

BACTERIAL DISEASES

Bacterial canker

Pseudomonas syringae van Hall (S. Africa)

Xanthomonas campestris (Pammel) Dowson (California)

Blast and bacterial fruit spot

Pseudomonas syringae van Hall

Crown gall

Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend) Conn

FUNGAL DISEASES

Anthracnose

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz.

    Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. & Schrenk

    [teleomorph]

Armillaria root rot (shoestring root rot)

Armillaria mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P. Kumm.

    Rhizomorpha subcorticalis Pers. [anamorph]

Black mildew

Asteridiella perseae (F. Stevens) Hansf.

= Irene perseae (F. Stevens) Toro

Branch canker

Botryosphaeria disrupta (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) Arx

    & E. Müller

B. obtusa (Schwein.) Shoemaker

= Physalospora obtusa (Schwein.) Cooke

B. quercum (Schwein.) Sacc.

= P. glandicola (Schwein.) N. Stevens

B. rhodina (Cooke) Arx

= P. rhodina Cooke

P. abdita (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) N. Stevens in Voorhees

= P. fusca N. Stevens

Butt rot

Ganodermazonatum Murrill

= G. sulcatum Murrill

Cercospora spot (blotch)

Pseudocercospora purpurea (Cooke) Deighton

Clitocybe root rot

Armillaria tabescens (Scop.:Fr.) Dennis et al.

= Clitocybe tabescens (Scop.:Fr.) Bres.

Collar rot

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary

Dematophora root rot

Dematophora necatrix Hartig

    Rosellina necatrix Prill. [teleomorph]

Dieback

Diplodia cacaoicola Henn.

Phomopsis sp.

Fruit rot (includes stem end rot & fruit spots)

Botryodiplodia sp. Botryosphaeria obtusa (Schwein.)

    Shoemaker

B. quercuum (Schwein.) Sacc.

B. rhodina (Cooke) Arx

Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr.

= B. vulgaris Link:Fr.

    Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel [teleomorph]

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc.

    in Penz.

Cylindrocladium scoparium Morg.

    Calonectria kyotensis Terashita [teleomorph]

Dothiorella aromatica (Sacc.) Petr. & Syd.

D. gregaria Sacc.

Fusarium decemcellulare C. Brick

    Nectria rigidiuscula Berk. & Broome [teleomorph]

Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl.

= Diplodia natalensis Pole-Evans

N. pseudotrichia Berk. & M. A. Curtis

    Tubercularia lateritia (Berk.) Seifert [anamorph]

Pestalotia sp.

P. versicolor Speg.

Phomopsis perseae Zerova

Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.:Fr) Vuill.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary

= S. libertiana Fuckel

Heart rot

Oxyporus latemarginatus (Durieu & Mont.) Donk

= Poria latemarginata (Durieu & Mont.) Cooke

Leaf spots

Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker

    Cochliobolus sativa (Ito & Kuribayashi) Drechs.

    ex Dastur [teleomorph]

Pestalotia sp.

P. adusta Ellis & Everh.

Phyllachora gratissima Rehm

Phyllosticta micropuncta Cooke

= P. perseae Ellis & G. Martin

Phomopsis spot

Phomopsis sp.

Physalospora canker

Physalospora perseae Doidge

Phytophthora crown rot

Phytophthora cinnamomi Rand

P. citricola Sawada

Phytophthora trunk canker

Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands

P. citricola Sawada

P. heveae Thompson

Phytophthora root rot

Phyophthora cinnamomi Rands

Pink rot

Trichothecium roseum Lk.:Fr.

= Cephalothecium roseum Corda

Powdery mildew

Oidium sp.

Rhizoctonia seed and root rot

Rhizoctonia solani Kühn

    Thanatephorus cucumeris (A. B. Frank) Donk

    [teleomorph]

Root and bark rot

Fusarium sp.

Root rot

Pythium sp.

Rosellinia root rot

Rosellinia bunodes (Berk. & Broome) Sacc.

Rusty blight

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc.

    in Penz.

= C. nigrum Ellis & Halst.

Scab (fruit & leaf)

Sphaceloma perseae Jenk.

Seedling blight

Phytophthora palmivora (E. J. Butler) E. J. Butler

Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.

    Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) Tu & Kimbrough [teleomorph]

Smudgy spot

Helminthosporium sp.

Sooty blotch

Akaropeltopsis sp.

Tar spot

Phyllachora gratissima Rehm

Verticillium wilt

Verticillium dahliae Kleb.

Wood rots

Fomitella supina (Sw.:Fr.) Murrill

= Polyporus supinus (Sw.:Fr.) Fr.

Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.:Fr.) Murrill

= Polyporus sulphureus (Bull.:Fr.) Fr.

    Sporotrichum versisporum (C. G. Lloyd) Stalpers

    [anamorph]

Rigidoporus ulmarius (Sowerby:Fr.) Imazeki in Ito

= Fomes geotropus (Cooke) Cooke

Trames hirsuta (Wulfen:Fr.) Quel.

= Polyporus hirsutus (Wulfen:Fr.) Fr.

VIRUSLIKE DISEASES

Sunblotch

Avocado sunblotch viroid

Trunk pitting

Graft transmissible agent

MISCELLANEOUS DISEASES OR DISORDERS

Algal spot

Cephaleuros virescens Kunze

Blackstreak

Unknown cause

Dieback

Copper deficiency

Edema

Physiological

Littleleaf rosette

Zinc deficiency

Tipburn

Excess mineral salts