November
2004
, Volume
17
, Number
11
Pages
1,223
-
1,233
Authors
Norio
Suganuma
,
1
Atsuko
Yamamoto
,
1
Ai
Itou
,
1
Tsuneo
Hakoyama
,
1
Mari
Banba
,
2
Shingo
Hata
,
2
Masayoshi
Kawaguchi
,
3
and
Hiroshi
Kouchi
4
Affiliations
1Department of Life Science, Aichi University of Education, Kariya, Aichi 448-8542, Japan; 2Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; 3Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Sciences, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; 4National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
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RelatedArticle
Accepted 2 July 2004.
Abstract
The Lotus japonicus sen1 mutant forms ineffective nodules in which development is arrested at the stage of bacterial differentiation into nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. Here, we used cDNA macroarray systems to compare gene expression in ineffective nodules induced on the sen1 mutant with gene expression in wild-type nodules, in order to identify the host plant genes that are involved in nitrogen fixation. Macroarray analysis coupled with Northern blot analysis revealed that the expression of 18 genes was significantly enhanced in ineffective sen1 nodules, whereas the expression of 30 genes was repressed. Many of the enhanced genes encoded hydrolase enzymes, such as cysteine proteinase and asparaginase, that might function in the early senescence of sen1 nodules. By contrast, the repressed genes encoded nodulins, enzymes that are involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism, membrane transporters, enzymes involved in phytohormone metabolism and secondary metabolism, and regulatory proteins. These proteins might have a role in the establishment of nitrogen fixation. In addition, we discovered two novel genes that encoded glutamate-rich proteins and were localized in the vascular bundles of the nodules. The expression of these genes was repressed in the ineffective nodules, which had lower levels of nitrogenase activity.
JnArticleKeywords
Additional keywords:
EST,
Fix¯ mutant.
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© 2004 The American Phytopathological Society