Diseases of Caneberries
(Rubus spp.)

R. R. Martin, B. J. Smith, P. R. Bristow, primary collators (last update 12/19/00)

BACTERIAL DISEASES

FUNGAL DISEASES

Anthracnose

Elsinoe veneta (Burkholder) Jenk.

    Sphaceloma necator (Ellis & Everh.) Jenk. & Shear

    [anamorph]

Armillaria root rot = shoestring root rot

Armillaria mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P. Kumm.

    Rhizomorpha subcorticalis Pers. [anamorph]

Ascospora dieback

Clethridium corticola (Fuckel) Shoemaker & E. Muller

= Discostroma corticola (Fuckel) I. Brockmann

= Ascospora ruborum (Oudem.) Zeller)

    Seimatosporium lichenicola (Corda) Shoemaker &
    E. Müller [anamorph]

Blackberry rust*

Phragmidium violaceum (C.F. Schultz) G. Wint.

Black rot

Phyllosticta carpogena (Shear) van der Aa

Blotch

Mycosphaerella confusa F.A. Wolf

    Pseudocercospora rubi (Sacc.) Deighton [anamorph]

= Cercospora rubi G. Wint.)

Blotch, purple

Septocyta ruborum (Lib.) Petr.

= Rhabdospora ramealis (Roberge ex Desmaz.) Sacc.

Botryosphaeria cane canker (blackberry)

Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug.:Fr.) Ces. & De Not.

    Fusicoccum aesculi Corda [anamorph]

Botrytis fruit rot and blossom blight = gray mold

Botrytis cinerea Pers.:F

    Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel [teleomorph]

Boysenberry decline*

Cercosporella rubi (G. Wint.) Plakidas (New Zealand)

Cane and leaf rust

Kuehneola uredinis (Link) Arth.

Cane blight

Diapleella coniothyrium (Fuckel) Barr

= Leptosphaeria coniothyrium (Fuckel) Sacc.

    Coniothyrium fuckelii Sacc. [anamorph]

Cane Botrytis

Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr.

    Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel [teleomorph]

Downy mildew = dryberry

Peronospora sparsa Berk. (New Zealand)

= P. rubi Rabenh.

Dryberry disease (loganberry)

Rhizoctonia rubi McKeen

(plus dryberry mite, see under miscellaneous disorders)

Fruit rots, minor

Alternaria spp.

Cladosporium spp.

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc.

Colletotrichum acutatum Simmonds

Penicillium spp.

Gnomonia cane canker

Gnomonia rubi (Rehm)

Late leaf rust

Pucciniastrum americanum (Farl.) Arth.

Pucciniastrum arcticum Transzschel

Leaf spots

Discohainesia oenotherae (Cooke & Ellis) Nannf.

    Hainesia lythri (Desmaz.) Hohn. [anamorph]

Mycosphaerella spp.

Phyllosticta spp.

Nectria canker (raspberry)

Nectria mammoidea W. Phillips & Plowr. var. rubi
(Osterw.) Weese (Europe)

    Cylindrocarpon ianthothele var. ianthothele Wollenweb.

    [anamorph]

Orange rust

Arthuriomyces peckianus (E. Howe) Cummins &
    Y. Hiratsuka (long-cycled rust)

Gymnoconia nitens (Schwein.) F. Kern & H.W. Thurston

    (short-cycled rust)

Phytophthora root rot

Phytophthora spp.

P. fragariae C.J. Hickman var. rubi

P. megasperma Waterhouse

P. cactorum (Lebert & Cohn) J. Schröt.

P. citricola Sawada

P. cryptogea Pethybr. & Lafferty

P. drechsleri Tucker

P. cambivora (Petri) Buisman

P. cinnamomi Rands

P. erythroseptica Pethybr

Post harvest soft rot = leak disease

Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.:Fr.) Vuill.

= Rhizopus nigricans Ehrenb.

Mucor piriformis E. Fisch. (in Europe)

Powdery mildew

Sphaerotheca macularis (Wallr.:Fr.) Lind

Raspberry leaf spot

Sphaerulina rubi Demaree & M.S. Wilcox

    Septoria darrowii Zeller [anamorph]

= Cylindrosporium rubi Ellis & Morg.)

Root rot

Collybia dryophila (Bull.:Fr.) P. Kumm

Cylindrocarpon destructans (Zinssmeister) Scholten.

Fusarium spp.

Helicobasidium brebissonii (Desmaz.) Donk

    Rhizoctonia crocorum (Pers.:Fr.) DC.) [anamorph]

Phymatotrichopsis omnivora (Duggar) Hennebert

= Phymatotrichum omnivorum Duggar

Pythium spp.

Rhizoctonia spp.

Rosette = double blossom

Cercosporella rubi (G. Wint.) Plakidas

Septoria leaf spot (blackberry) = cane and leaf spot

Septoria rubi Westend.

    Mycosphaerella rubi Roark [teleomorph]

Silver leaf*

Chondrostereum purpureum (Pers.:Fr.) Pouzar (UK &
    New Zealand)

= Stereum purpureum Pers.:Fr.

Spur blight

Didymella applanata (Niessl) Sacc.

    Phoma sp. [anamorph]

Stamen blight

Hapalosphaeria deformans (Syd.) Syd.

Sydowiella cane canker

Sydowiella depressula (P. Karst.) Barr (Europe and Alaska)

= Gnomonia depressula P. Karst

Yellow rust

Phragmidium rubi-idaei (DC.) P. Karst.

= Phragmidium imitans Arth.

Verticillium wilt

Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berthier

Verticillium dahliae Kleb.

White root rot

Vararia sp.

NEMATODES, PARASITIC

Dagger, American nematode

Xiphinema americanum Cobb

Dagger nematode

Xiphinema bakeri Williams

X. rivesi Dalmasso

Root-lesion nematode

Pratylenchus spp.

P. penetrans (Cobb) Filipjev & Schuurmans, Steckhoven

Needle nematode

Longidorus spp.

VIRAL DISEASES and VIRUSLIKE AGENTS

Mosaic or ringspot

genus Ilarvirus, Apple mosaic virus (ApMV)

Tobacco ringspot in Rubus

genus Nepovirus, Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV)

Black raspberry streak

A graft-transmissible agent(s) of unknown identity

Blackberry calico

genus Carlavirus, Blackberry calico virus (BCV) in North

   America.

genus Potexvirus, Wineberry latent virus (WLV) upon
    inoculation in the U.K.

Bramble yellow mosaic*

genus Potyvirus, Bramble yellow mosaic virus (BrmYMV)

European decline

genus Nepovirus, Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV)

Green blotch

genus Cucumovirus, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)

Latent virus, North America

genus Ilarvirus, Tobacco streak virus (Rubus strain)
(TSV-R)

Latent virus, Europe

genus Potexvirus Wineberry latent virus (WLV)

North American raspberry decline

genus Nepovirus, Tomato ringspot virus (TomRSV) or genus Nepovirus, Cherry rasp leaf virus (CRLV)

Raspberry bushy dwarf

genus Ideaovirus, Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV)

Raspberry mosaic

In North America caused by complexes of: Rubus yellow net virus (RYNV); black raspberry necrosis virus (BRNV); and an unnamed isometric virus similar to raspberry leaf mottle virus (RLMV)

Raspberry ringspot*

Caused by either genus Nepovirus, Raspberry ringspot virus (RRSV) or genus Nepovirus tomato black ring virus (TBRV)

Raspberry vein chlorosis

Raspberry vein chlorosis virus (RVCV)

Raspberry veinbanding mosaic*

Caused by RYNV + RLMV; additionally raspberry leaf spot virus (RLSV), uncharacterized, may occur with this complex

Raspberry yellow dwarf*

Caused by either genus Nepovirus, Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) or genus Nepovirus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRV)

Raspberry yellow spot*

Raspberry yellow spot (virus-like agent of unknown relationship)

Thimbleberry ringspot

genus Ilarvirus, Apple mosaic virus

PHYTOPLASMAL and SPIROPLASMAL DISEASES

Black raspberry witches’-broom

Phytoplasma

Rubus stunt*

Rubus stunt phytoplasma (Europe)

ALGAL DISEASES

Orange felt

Cephaleuros virescens Kunze

MISCELLANEOUS DISEASES and DISORDERS

Alpine mosaic in Rubus

Alpine mosaic agent, (a graft-transmissible agent of unknown identity)

Blackberry sterility

Cause unknown

Brown berry disease (of black raspberry)

Cause unknown

Crumbly berries

Various causes: poor pollination, genetic, virus, insect, nutrition, winter injury, water relations

Dryberry disease (loganberry)

Phyllocoptes gracilis (Nalepa) (dryberry mite) and Rhizoctonia rubi McKeen

Fasciation

Cause unknown

Midge blight *

Phoma macrostoma Mont. var. macrostoma

Fusarium culmorum (Wm. G. Sm.) Sacc.

Alternaria spp. colonization following feeding by Resseliella

    theoboldi (Barnes) (raspberry cane midge)

Raspberry leaf curl

Raspberry leaf curl uncharacterized agent(s)

Redberry disease

Acalitus essigi (Hassan) (redberry mite)

Seedborne dsRNA in wild raspberry

dsRNA of mol. wt. typical of plant viruses, but not associated with host symptoms or virus-like particles

* indicates the disease is not known to occur in North America.