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POSTERS: Fungicide and antibiotic resistance

Fungicide resistance is associated with transposable elements and variable genome size in the apple scab fungus, Venturia inaequalis
Wayne Jurick II - USDA-ARS Food Quality Laboratory. Katrin Ayer- Cornell University, Verneta Gaskins- USDA-ARS Food Quality Laboratory, Franz Lichtner- Food Quality Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Kerik Cox- Cornell University, Sara Villani- North Carolina State University

Apple scab, caused by Venturia inaequalis, is an economically important fungal pathogen that greatly reduces fresh market yields. Due to a lack of durable resistance in commercially relevant cultivars, fungicides remain essential for disease management. Sequencing, detailed annotation, and analysis of four North American V. inaequalis genomes of baseline sensitive and multiple fungicide resistance phenotypes have been completed. The assembled genomes ranged in size from 39.9 Mb to 61.5 Mb. The predicted gene models through GeneMark-ES and AUGUSTUS were annotated using multiple approaches including InterproScan 5.1, SignalP 4.1, Phobius, CAZy and antiSMASH. The number of scaffolds greater than 500bp ranged from 619-7555 and contained 12225-12628 unique genes based on GlimmerHMM, implemented within QUAST. Genome completeness was determined with the BUSCO v3 Ascomycota odb9 database including 1315 targets resulting in 1259-1282 benchmarking universal single copy orthologs. Initial gene annotations through a Diamond blastP search of the UniProt database version 2018_09 resulted in 581-601 valid annotations. An analysis of the predicted secretome with SignalP resulted in 1381-1401 annotations and the number of transposable elements detected ranged from 48 to 153. The differences observed herein provide opportunities for further investigation into the mechanisms involved in fungicide resistance as transposons may be driving observed variations in genome size and/or enabling fungicide resistance in the field under various selection pressures.