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Inheritance and Heritability of Resistance to Citrus Leprosis

First, third, sixth, seventh, and eighth authors: Centro APTA Citros Sylvio Moreira/IAC, C.P. 04, Cordeirópolis, SP, 13490-970; second author: Depto. Ciências Naturais/UESB, C.P. 95, 45100-000, Vitória da Conquista, BA; fourth author: Centro APTA Café Alcides Carvalho/IAC, Campinas, SP; and fifth author: Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Milho e Sorgo/EMBRAPA, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil

The genetic inheritance of resistance to leprosis, the most important viral disease of citrus in Brazil, was characterized through the phenotypic assessment of 143 hybrids resulting from crosses between tangor ‘Murcott’ (Citrus sinensis × C. reticulata) and sweet orange ‘Pêra’ (C. sinensis), considered to be resistant and susceptible to the disease, respectively. All plants were grafted onto Rangpur lime (C. limonia) and inoculated with Citrus leprosis virus, cytoplasmic type through the infestation with viruliferous mites, Brevipalpus phoenicis. The experiments were arranged in a completely randomized block design with 10 replicates. Incidence and severity of the disease in leaves and stems as well as plant growth parameters (plant height and stem diameter) were recorded for 3 years after the infestation with the viruliferous mites. The average values of all variables were analyzed using principal component analysis, discriminant factorial analysis, estimation of the clonal repeatability coefficients, and frequency of the distributions of the average values for each measured variable. The principal component analysis resulted in the identification of at least two groups with resistance and susceptibility to leprosis, respectively. About 99% of all hybrids were correctly classified according to the discriminant factorial analysis. The broad-sense heritability coefficients for characteristics associated with incidence and severity of leprosis ranged from 0.88 to 0.96. The data suggest that the inheritance of resistance to leprosis may be controlled by only a few genes.