August
2008
, Volume
21
, Number
8
Pages
1,094
-
1,105
Authors
Laura Chalupowicz,1,2
Shulamit Manulis-Sasson,1
Maxim Itkin,2
Ayelet Sacher,3
Guido Sessa,2 and
Isaac Barash2
Affiliations
1Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel; 2Department of Plant Sciences and 3Proteomics Laboratories, The Maiman Institute for Proteome Research, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
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Accepted 1 April 2008.
Abstract
The quorum-sensing (QS) regulatory system of the gall-forming Pantoea agglomerans pv. gypsophilae was identified. Mass spectral analysis, together with signal-specific biosensors, demonstrated that P. agglomerans pv. gypsophilae produced N-butanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) as a major and N-hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) as a minor QS signal. Homologs of luxI and luxR regulatory genes, pagI and pagR, were characterized in strain P. agglomerans pv. gypsophilae Pag824-1 and shown to be convergently transcribed and separated by 14 bp. The deduced PagI (23.8 kDa) and PagR (26.9 kDa) show high similarity with SmaI (41% identity) and SmaR (43% identity), respectively, of Serratia sp. American Type Culture Collection 39006. PagR possesses characteristic autoinducer binding and a helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domain. Gall formation by P. agglomerans pv. gypsophilae depends on a plasmid-borne hrp/hrc gene cluster, type III effectors, and phytohormones. Disruption of pagI, pagR, or both genes simultaneously in Pag824-1 reduced gall size in gypsophila cuttings by 50 to 55% when plants were inoculated with 106 CFU/ml. Higher reductions in gall size (70 to 90%) were achieved by overexpression of pagI or addition of exogenous C4-HSL. Expression of the hrp/hrc regulatory gene hrpL and the type III effector pthG in the pagI mutant, as measured with quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, was reduced by 5.8 and 6.6, respectively, compared with the wild type, suggesting an effect of the QS system on the Hrp regulon.
JnArticleKeywords
Additional keywords:pPATHPab, pPATHPag, pathogenicity island.
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© 2008 The American Phytopathological Society