Diseases of Passionfruit (Passiflora spp.)

José R. Liberato and F. Murilo Zerbini, primary collators

BACTERIAL DISEASES

Bacterial blight

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae (Pereira) Gonçalves & Rosato

= X. campestris pv. passiflorae (Pereira) Dye

Bacterial wilt

Ralstonia solanacearum (E. F. Smith) Yabuuchi et al.

Bacterial grease-spot

Pseudomonas syringae pv. passiflorae (Reid) Young et al.

Crown gall

Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith & Townsend) Conn

= Rhizobium radiobacter (Beijerinck & van Delden) Young et al.

FUNGAL DISEASES

Anthracnose

Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. & H. Schrenk

    Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz. [anamorph]

Black root rot

Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. & Broome) Ferraris

Botrytis fruit rot

Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr.

Brown spot

Alternaria passiflorae J. H. Simmonds

A. alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl.

= A. tenuis Nees

A. macrospora Zimmerm.

A. tenuíssima (Kunze:Fr.) Wiltshire

= A. tomato (Cooke) G. F. Weber

Cercospora spot

Mycovellosiella biformis (Peck) U. Braun

= Cercospora biformis Peck

Pseudocercospora calospilea (Syd.) Deighton

= Cercospora calospilea Syd.

Pseudocercospora fusco-virens (Sacc.) Y. L. Guo & X. J. Liu

= Cercospora fusco-virens Sacc.

Cercospora granadillae Chupp

Cercospora passiflorae Muller & Chupp

Cercospora passifloricola Chupp

Cercosporina regalis (Tharp) Sacc.

= Cercospora regalis Tharp

Cercospora truncatella Atk.

Damping-off

Rhizoctonia solani Kühn

    Thanatephorus cucumeris (A. B. Frank) Donk [teleomorph]

Fusarium root rot

Nectria haematococca Berk. & Broome

    Fusarium solani (Mart.) Appel & Wollenweb. emend.

    W. C. Snyder & H. N. Hansen [anamorph]

Fusarium wilt

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae W. L. Gordon apud G. S. Purss

Internal fruit rot

Aspergillus niger Tiegh.

Lasiodiplodia fruit rot

Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl.

Phytophthora blight and root rot

Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan

= P. parasitica Dastur

Phytophthora root rot

Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands

Powdery mildew

Leveillula taurica (Lév.) G. Arnaud

Ovulariopsis sp.

Oidium sp.

Pythium root rot

Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp.

Pythium splendens H. Braun

Rhizopus flower rot

Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.:Fr.) Vuill.

Rust

Puccinia scleriae (Pazschke) Arth.

P. scleriicola Arthur

Scab

Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen.) G. A. de Vries

C. herbarum (Pers.:Fr.) Link

C. maracuja Viégas

Sclerotinia rot

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary

Seedlings blight

Cladosporium oxysporum Berk. & M. A. Curtis

Septoria spot

Septoria fructigena Berk. & M. A. Curtis

S. passiflorae Syd.

S. passifloricola Punith.

= S. passiflorae Louw

POSTHARVEST DISEASES

Anthracnose

Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. & H. Schrenk

    Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz. [anamorph]

Lasiodiplodia fruit rot

Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl.

Phomopsis fruit rot

Phomopsis tersa (Sacc.) B. Sutton

= Phoma tersa Sacc.

Sphaeropsis fruit rot

Sphaeropsis sp.

PARASITIC NEMATODES

Reniform nematode

Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford & Oliveira

Root-knot nematode

Meloidogyne acrita Chitwood

M. arenaria (Neal) Chitwood

M. incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood

M. javanica (Treub) Chitwood

Foliar nematode

Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi (Schwartz) Steiner & Buhrer

Other nematodes

Aorolaimus holdemani (Sher) Fortuner

Aphelenchoides sp.

Aphelenchus avenae Bastian

Criconemella onoensis (Luc) Luc & Raski

Diphtherophora sp.

Ditylenchus sp.

Dolichodorus minor Loof & Sharma

Helicotylenchus dihystera (Cobb) Sher

H. pseudorobustus (Steiner) Golden

Monotrichodorus monohystera (Allen) Andrássy

Paratylenchus sp.

P. crenatus Loof

P. penetrans (Cobb) Filipjev & Stekhoven

P. zeae Graham

Trichodorus sp.

Tylenchorhynchus phaseoli Sethi & Swarup

Tylenchus sp.

Xiphidorus yepesara Monteiro

Xiphinema paritaliae Loof & Sharma

X. surinamense Loof & Maas

Zygotylenchus guevarai (Tobar Jiménez) Braun & Loof

VIRUS DISEASES

Crinkle

candidate Potyvirus, Passion fruit crinkle virus (PCV)

Green spot

candidate Rhabdoviridae (unassigned genus), Passion fruit green spot virus (PGSV)

Latent virus

genus Carlavirus, Passiflora latent virus (PLV)*

Mottle

candidate Potyvirus, Sri Lankan passion fruit mottle virus (SLPMoV)

candidate Potyvirus, Passion fruit mottle virus (PFMoV)

Mosaic

genus Cucumovirus, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)*

genus Potyvirus, Soybean mosaic virus (SMV)*

candidate Potyvirus, Passiflora ringspot virus (PFRSV)

= Passion fruit ringspot virus

candidate Tobamovirus, Maracuja mosaic virus (MarMV)

unassigned genus, Purple granadilla mosaic virus (PGMV)

Tip necrosis

Results from dual infection with CMV and PWV; neither virus alone causes the disease

Vein clearing

candidate Rhabdoviridae (unassigned genus), Passion fruit vein clearing virus (PVCV)

Woodiness

genus Potyvirus, Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV)*

= South African passiflora virus, SAPV

genus Potyvirus, Passionfruit woodiness virus (PWV)*

= Passiflora chlorotic spot virus; = Passiflora mosaic virus;

    probably = Passion fruit mosaic virus

Yellow mosaic

genus Tymovirus, Passion fruit yellow mosaic virus (PFYMV)*

Other viruses

genus Nepovirus, Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV)*

genus Tobamovirus, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)*

candidate Begomovirus, Giant granadilla malformation virus

PHYTOPLASMA DISEASES

Witches’-broom

Phytoplasma

*Approved species by the ICTV (International Committee of Taxonomy Viruses)

Pathogen names are current as of the last update.

For information on fungal nomenclature, see
http://nt.ars-grin.gov/

For information on bacterial nomenclature, see
http://www.dsmz.de/bactnom/bactname.htm

For information on viral nomenclature, see
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/Ictv/index.htm and http://www.image.fs.uidaho.edu/vide/refs.htm