2012 APS Annual Meeting
PRELIMINARY SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM

Listed alphabetically. Sessions are preliminary and subject to change.

12th I. E. Melhus Graduate Student Symposium: Host Plant Resistance and Disease Management: Current Status and Future Outlook

Monday, August 6; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizers: Shaker Kousik, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Charleston, SC, U.S.A.; Pradeep Kachroo, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, U.S.A.; Patrick Wechter, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Charleston, SC, U.S.A.; Alemu Mengistu, USDA, ARS, Jackson, TN, U.S.A.
Section: Disease Control and Pest Management
Sponsor: Host Resistance
The APS Host Resistance Committee, in conjunction with support from APS Foundation, is sponsoring the 12th I. E. Melhus Graduate Student Symposium. The symposium will feature four graduate student presentations highlighting research that leads to a better understanding of host plant resistance, resistance breeding, and disease management. Applications will be sought to cover a diverse array of basic and applied issues on host resistance and disease management.

8:30 a.m.	Opening Remarks and introductions. C.S. KOUSIK (1). (1) U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Charleston, SC, U.S.A.
8:45 a.m.	The APS Foundation and I.E. Melhus Graduate Student Symposium; A successful and enduring partnership. R. D. MARTYN (1). (1) Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	Infection of blueberries by Colletotrichum acutatum: Host defenses, inheritance of resistance, and environmental effects. T. D. MILES (1), A. C. Schilder (1). (1) Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A.
9:30 a.m.	Proteomics-based study of host-fungus interaction between soybean and Phakopsora pachyrhizi using recombinant inbred line (RIL)-derived sister lines. M. GANIGER (1), D. R. Walker (2), Z. Chen (1). (1) Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, U.S.A.; (2) USDA-ARS Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology, and Genetics Research Unit, Urbana, IL, U.S.A.
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	Characterization of resistance of Arachis hypogaea to Puccinia arachidis. I. L. POWER (1), A. K. Culbreath (1), B. L. Tillman (2). (1) University of Georgia, Department of Plant Pathology, Tifton, GA, U.S.A.; (2) University of Florida, Department of Agronomy, Marianna, FL, U.S.A.
10:45 a.m.	Transcriptomic and genetic approaches to define tomato resistance to the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. J. M. JACOBS (1), R. M. Mitra (2), B. Remenant (1), A. Milling (1), C. Allen (1). (1) University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A.; (2) Carleton College, Northfield, MN, U.S.A.
11:15 a.m.	Closing comments, awards certificates

Advances in Detection Technologies: Application in Plant Pathogen and Disease Detection

Monday, August 6; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizer: Mysore Sudarshana, USDA-ARS, Davis, CA, U.S.A.
Section: Diseases of Plants
Sponsors: Plant Pathogen and Disease Detection; Diagnostics
The national concern for plant biosecurity has driven the development and adoption of technologies from fields outside of plant pathology. It is important to keep track of these technologies and their applicability under different settings, i.e., laboratory, ports, and field. This session aims to present the progress of some of the promising technologies and those that are on the horizon.

8:30 a.m.	Next-generation diagnostics: Eliminating the excessive sequence processing associated with next-generation sequencing using EDNA. W. L. SCHNEIDER (1), A. H. Stobbe (2), J. Daniels (2), A. S. Espindola (2), R. Verma (2), T. Blagden (2), J. Fletcher (2), F. Ochoa-Corona (2), C. Garzon (2), P. R. Hoyt (2), U. Melcher (2). (1) USDA-ARS FDWSRU, Fort Detrick, MD, U.S.A.; (2) Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	All plant virus chip: Shifting from proof to use. B. BAGEWADI (1), D. C. Henderson (2), K. Fischer (3), R. L. Jordan (4), D. Wang (5), K. L. Perry (6), U. Melcher (7), J. Hammond (8), C. M. Fauquet (1). (1) Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO, U.S.A.; (2) USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, U.S.A.; (3) University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, U.S.A.; (4) USDA-ARS-BA, Molecular Plant Pathology Lab, Beltsville, MD, U.S.A.; (5) Washington University, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, U.S.A.; (6) Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.; (7) Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, U.S.A.; (8) USDA-ARS Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit, Beltsville, MD, U.S.A.
9:30 a.m.	The results of QBOL deposited in the Q-bank database to support plant health diagnostics. P. BONANTS (1), M. Edema (2). (1) Plant Research International, Wageningen, Netherlands; (2) NVWA, National Plant Protection Organization, Wageningen, Netherlands
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	CANARY: Serological detection sees a new dawn. Z. LIU (1), H. Bowman (1), K. Rappaport (1), L. Levy (2). (1) USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Beltsville, MD, U.S.A.; (2) USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Riverdale, MD, U.S.A.
10:45 a.m.	Pathogen signatures—Beyond nucleic acids & proteins. L. LEVY (1). (1) USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Riverdale, MD, U.S.A.
11:15 a.m.	Isothermal amplification: So many names, are there differences? M. R. SUDARSHANA (1). (1) USDA-ARS, Davis, CA, U.S.A.

Bioenergy Crops and Disease

Wednesday, August 8; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizers: Richard Nelson, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc., Ardmore, OK, U.S.A.; Bright Agindotan, Energy Biosciences Institute/University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, U.S.A.; Steve Marek, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, U.S.A.
Section: Diseases of Plants
Sponsors: Virology; Mycology; Bacteriology; Molecular and Cellular Phytopathology; Emerging Diseases and Pathogens
Financial Sponsors: USDA; Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc.
With increased monoculture in lignocellulosic biofuel crops (e.g., switchgrass, miscanthus) comes the potential for novel and/or debilitating diseases. We currently have the ability to proactively, rather than reactively, discuss this topic. Speakers will give an overview of current and proposed biofuel crops, review known and potential disease agents (e.g., BYDV on switchgrass), and assess the possibility of disease outbreaks. Microbe influence on wall recalcitrance, biomass production, and land use will be presented.

8:30 a.m.	Bioenergy crops and disease agents: Research and industry status. R. S. NELSON (1). (1) Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc., Ardmore, OK, U.S.A.
8:45 a.m.	The impact of disease on biofuel production. D. HAEFELE (1), S. Barr (2). (1) Pioneer Hi-Bred, A DuPont Business, Johnston, IA, U.S.A.; (2) DuPont, Wilmington, DE, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	Viruses of bioenergy crops. B. O. AGINDOTAN (1), M. E. Gray (2), C. A. Bradley (2). (1) Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, U.S.A.; (2) Energy Biosciences Institute & Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, U.S.A.
9:30 a.m.	The potential of increased virus susceptibility in grasses modified for biofuel production. C. M. MALMSTROM (1), A. C. Schrotenboer (2), P. Trebicki (1). (1) Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A.; (2) Trinity Christian College, Palos Heights, IL, U.S.A.
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	Hunt for sources of rust resistance in the bioenergy crop, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). S. R. Uppalapati (1), Y. Ishiga (1), D. Serba (1), L. J. Szabo (2), M. C. Saha (1), K. S. MYSORE (1). (1) The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK, U.S.A.; (2) Cereal Disease Laboratory, USDA-ARS, St. Paul, MN, U.S.A.
10:45 a.m.	Response of sorghum modified for bioenergy to grain and stalk fungal pathogens. D. L. FUNNELL-HARRIS (1), S. E. Sattler (1), L. K. Prom (2), P. F. Dowd (3), J. F. Pedersen (1). (1) USDA-ARS, Grain, Forage and Bioenergy Research, Lincoln, NE, U.S.A.; (2) USDA-ARS, Crop Germplasm Research, College Station, TX, U.S.A.; (3) USDA-ARS, Crop Bioprotection Research, Peoria, IL, U.S.A.
11:15 a.m.	Discussion

Do Regulatory Agencies Really Make the Rules in Crop Protection?

CANCELLED

Emerging Tools and Regulations Impacting the Enhancement of Disease Resistance Using Biotechnology

Sunday, August 5; 1:00 - 4:00 p.m.

Organizers: Dennis Halterman, USDA/ARS, Madison, WI, U.S.A.; Scott Soby, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, U.S.A.
Section: Disease Control and Pest Management
Sponsor: Biotechnology
Financial Sponsors: Monsanto; Pioneer Hi-Bred, A DuPont Business; Simplot
Using biotechnology to improve disease resistance will continue to be an important tool in the struggle to keep up with rapid pathogen evolution. The session is a continuation of a 2011 session, which discussed the history, ethics, and strategies involved in biotech crop deployment. This session will provide an overview of the regulatory processes involved in deregulation and will address emerging technologies for enhanced disease resistance.

1:00 pm	Using TAL effector nucleases for targeted genetic modification. B. YANG (1). (1) Iowa State University, Ames, IA, U.S.A.
1:30 p.m.	Reintroduction of genetically engineered potatoes into the U.S. market. C. ROMMENS (1). (1) J. R. Simplot Company, Boise, ID, U.S.A.
2:00 p.m.	Virus-meditated protection of maize from Ustilago maydis. T. J. SMITH (1). (1) Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO, U.S.A.
2:30 p.m.	Break
2:45 p.m.	Historical perspective of regulation and deregulation of biotech crops. S. A. TOLIN (1). (1) Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A.
3:15 p.m.	Current processes involved in biotech crop deregulation. P. SPAINE (1), J. M. Cordts (1). (1) USDA/APHIS/Biotechnology Regulatory Services, Riverdale, MD, U.S.A.
3:45 p.m.	Discussion

Everything a Scientist Should Know About Politics, Funding, and Public Opinion

Wednesday, August 8; 1:00 - 4:00 p.m.

Organizers: Jan Leach, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A.; Angela Records, Eversole Associates, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A.
Section: Professionalism/Outreach
Sponsors: Public Policy Board; Office of International Programs
You can have an impact on decisions made in Washington! Join us for an optimistic look at politics and learn a few things that every scientist should know about the U.S. government, science funding, and public opinion. The session will offer an overview of government structure and operation and a crash course in advocacy. Attendees will learn about the distribution of science funding in the United States and abroad, as well as public perceptions of science and the importance of scientific research.

1:00 p.m.	Policy 101: A not-so-boring look at how government works. K. EVERSOLE (1). (1) Eversole Associates, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A.
1:30 p.m.	USAID’s new strategic research focus toward feeding the future. R. BERTRAM (1). (1) Office of Agricultural Research and Policy, U.S. Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
2:00 p.m.	International funding cooperation. D. BECK (1). (1) National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA, U.S.A.
2:30 p.m.	Break
2:45 p.m.	Getting engaged in public policy work is easy. M. L. LEWIS IVEY (1). (1) The Ohio State University, Medina, OH, U.S.A.
3:15 p.m.	Scientists: Almost as prestigious as firefighters. A. RECORDS (1). (1) APS Policy Fellow, Silver Spring, MD, U.S.A.
3:45 p.m.	Discussion

 

Exploring the Micropolis: Sampling, Identifying, and Analyzing the Diversity of Microbial Communities

Monday, August 6; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizers: Jerry Weiland, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.; Teresa Hughes, USDA-ARS, West Lafayette, IN, U.S.A.; Kirk Broders, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, U.S.A.
Section: Ecology and Epidemiology
Sponsors: Soil Microbiology and Root Diseases; Phyllosphere Microbiology
Financial Sponsors: Illumina Inc.; Roche; Applied Biosystems
We now have the ability to identify entire soil microbial communities instead of focusing exclusively on populations of one or a few pathogenic species. However, metagenomic community analyses often yield extremely large and complex data sets. This session will address issues surrounding the abundance and complexity of data and include information regarding the identification of key microbial species, assessment of new or undescribed species, and limitations of current metagenomic techniques. Additional guidance will be provided regarding community sampling and statistical methods. 

8:30 a.m.	Metagenomics for complex microbial communities. S. TRINGE (1). (1) DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	From metagenomics to metabolomics: Communication in the rhizosphere. J. HANDELSMAN (1). (1) Yale University, New Haven, CT, U.S.A.
9:30 a.m.	Metagenomices in fungal community ecology—Combining new and old technologies to maximize our understanding of complex fungal communities. M. E. SMITH (1). (1) University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A.
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	New frameworks in disease ecology that address the micropolis. K. A. GARRETT (1). (1) Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A.
10:45 a.m.	Welcome to the micropolis: How metagenomics can enhance plant pathology research. K. D. BRODERS (1). (1) University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, U.S.A.
11:15 a.m.	Discussion

Fungicides to Promote Plant Physiological Benefits in Crops

Wednesday, August 8; 1:00 - 4:00 p.m.

Organizers: Jim Mueller, Dow AgroSciences, Brentwood, CA, U.S.A.; Brian D. Olson, Dow Agro Sciences, Geneva, NY, U.S.A.
Section: Disease Control and Pest Management
Sponsors: Industry; Public Policy Board; Office of Industry Relations; Pathogen Resistance; Chemical Control
Financial Sponsors: Syngenta; BASF Corporation; Bayer CropScience
The dramatic increase in fungicide applications to corn and soybeans is a controversial topic of interest to various stakeholders, including state and federal regulators. Much additional research has been conducted since the 2009 “Hot Topic” session. This will build on a recent APSnet feature article, entitled “Are fungicides no longer just for fungi? An analysis of foliar fungicide use in corn.” The program will be balanced and objective, with university, industry, and regulatory presenting.

	Introduction to the forum. J. MUELLER, Dow AgroSciences, Brentwood, CA, U.S.A.
1:00 p.m.	Influence of ethylene inhibitors on plant physiology, biomass, and yield. F. E. BELOW (1), J. W. Haegele (1), A. S. Henninger (1), F. Cantao (1). (1) University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, U.S.A.
1:30 p.m.	Limitations of small plots for crop enhancement effects in corn. E. C. TEDFORD (1). (1) Syngenta, Greensboro, NC, U.S.A.
2:00 p.m.	Disease management vs. insurance applications: What have we learned about fungicide use in corn? K. WISE (1). (1) Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, U.S.A.
2:30 p.m.	Break
2:45 p.m.	Review of large-scale field trials in potatoes. T. A. ZITTER (1). (1) Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.
3:15 p.m.	A grower's perspective. Presenter To Be Announced
3:45 p.m.	Discussion

Genetics, Genomics, and Proteomics Approaches to Elucidate Arthropod-Vector Specificity

Sunday, August 5; 1:00 - 4:00 p.m.

Organizer: Judith Brown, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A.
Section: Molecular/Cellular/Plant-Microbe Interactions
Sponsors: Virology; Vector-Pathogen Complexes; Bacteriology
Financial Sponsors: Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc.; USDA; Monsanto
Invasive arthropod vectors of plant pathogens and nematodes may emerge in response to various environmental changes or altered agronomic practices. The focus of this session will be to highlight what is known about the interactions between arthropod vectors and the pathogens they transmit at the genetic, genomic, and cellular levels and to expose the gaps in knowledge, that if better understood, could benefit the development of new approaches to interfere with vector-mediated transmission.

1:00 p.m.	The effect of temperature on ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ gene expression. T. W. FISHER (1), R. He (2), J. Munyaneza (3), J. Crosslin (4), J. K. Brown (1). (1) University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A.; (2) Washington State University, Pullman, WA, U.S.A.; (3) USDA-ARS YARL, Wapato, WA, U.S.A.; (4) USDA-ARS YARL, Prosser, WA, U.S.A.
1:30 p.m.	Host switching in the vector-borne plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa. R. ALMEIDA (1). (1) University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A.
2:00 p.m.	Functional transcriptomics of Begomovirus-whitefly transmission. J. K. BROWN (1). (1) The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A.
2:30 .p.m.	Break
2:45 p.m.	Using proteomics and mass spectrometry to explore the dynamic virus-vector interface. M. L. CILIA (1). (1) USDA-ARS, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.
3:15 p.m.	Comparative functional genomics to elucidate psyllid-‘Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus’ and solanacearum interactions. M. VYAS (1), T. Fisher (1). (1) University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A.
3:45 p.m.	Discussion

 

Grafting as an Alternative to Soil Fumigation for Disease Management in Vegetable Production

Wednesday, August 8; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizers: Shaker Kousik, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Charleston, SC, U.S.A.; Mathews Paret, University of Florida, Quincy, FL, U.S.A.; Pingsheng Ji, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, U.S.A.
Section: Disease Control and Pest Management
Sponsor: Integrated Plant Disease Management
Financial Sponsors: Syngenta Seeds, Inc.; HeinzSeed
The ban on using methyl bromide has led vegetable producers to seek alternatives for managing soilborne diseases. Grafting tomatoes, peppers, and various cucurbits on resistant rootstocks has been practiced for decades (since the 1960s) in Asia to manage soilborne diseases. However, it is relatively new in the United States. This session will address the basic techniques, economics, potential commercialization, and pros and cons of grafting and its effectiveness in disease management in vegetable crops.

8:30 a.m.	The pros and cons of cucurbit grafting in the United States. R. L. HASSELL (1). (1) Clemson University CREC, Charleston, SC, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	IPM diversification: Advancing the science and practice of grafting tomatoes to manage soilborne pathogens. F. J. LOUWS (1). (1) North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A.
9:30 a.m.	Grafting on hybrid squash and bottle gourd rootstocks to manage Fusarium wilt of watermelon. A. P. KEINATH (1), R. L. Hassell (1). (1) Clemson University, Charleston, SC, U.S.A.
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	Grafting as a production system component for nematode management in Florida vegetables. N. K. BURELLE (1), E. N. Rosskopf (1), M. G. Bausher (1), G. G. McCollum (1). (1) USDA-ARS, Fort Pierce, FL, U.S.A.
10:45 a.m.	Grafting eggplant to manage soilborne diseases: An international perspective. S. A. MILLER (1), M. A. Rahman (2), M. S. Nahar (2), G. Norton (3), E. Rajotte (4). (1) The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, U.S.A.; (2) Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh; (3) Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A.; (4) Penn State University, University Park, PA, U.S.A.
11:15 a.m.	Discussion

International Perspective on Fusarium Head Blight

Wednesday, August 8; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizer: Paul Nicholson, John Innnes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom
Section: Biology of Pathogens
Sponsor: By invitation—British Society of Plant Pathology
Financial Sponsor: British Society of Plant Pathology
Fusarium head blight has been the focus of attention on both sides of the Atlantic for several years. Recent legislation limits DON mycotoxin and use of fungicides, leaving host resistance as the most promising tool for maintaining toxin-free grain. It is timely to bring together researchers to present findings on both sides of the story from the genetics perspective (virulence and host resistance) as well as findings relating to the host-pathogen interaction (transcriptomics/metabolomics).

8:30 a.m.	A toxic character: Fusarium graminearum and mycotoxin biosynthesis. H. C. KISTLER (1). (1) USDA-ARS, Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul, MN, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	Mycotoxin production during infection of cereals. W. SCHÄFER (1), J. Boennighausen (1), J. Bormann (1). (1) University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
9:30 a.m.	Identification of candidate genes for head blight and deoxynivalenol resistance. F. M. DOOHAN (1). (1) University College-Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	The role of trichothecenes in the Triticeae-Fusarium graminearum interactions. G. J. MUEHLBAUER (1), S. Shin (1), J. Boddu (1), S. Gardiner (1), H. Jia (1), S. Cho (1), S. McCormick (2), W. Schweiger (3), M. Lemmens (3), F. Berthiller (3), C. Hametner (4), P. Kovalsky Paris (3), J. Torres-Acosta (3), G. Adam (3). (1) University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, U.S.A.; (2) USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL, U.S.A.; (3) University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Tulln, Austria; (4) Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
10:45 a.m.	Toward genomics-based improvement of FHB resistance in China. Z. MA (1). (1) Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PRC Peoples Rep of China
11:15 a.m.	Host colonization leading to sporulation in Fusarium graminearum. F. TRAIL (1), D. Afton (1). (1) Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A.

Issues and Opportunities in Regulatory Sciences at EPA

Tuesday, August 7; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizers: Jim Mueller, Dow AgroSciences, Brentwood, CA, U.S.A.; Brian D. Olson, Dow Agro Sciences, Geneva, NY, U.S.A.
Section: Disease Control and Pest Management
Sponsors: Office of Industry Relations; Public Policy Board; Industry; Pathogen Resistance; Chemical Control
This session addresses the need to involve more regulatory scientists in APS activities and gives APS members a better understanding of regulatory processes, research opportunities, and the diverse challenges faced by regulatory scientists. This forum also provides regulatory scientists with an opportunity for increased interaction with plant pathologists working in a variety of roles within academia, consulting, extension, and industry.

8:30 a.m.	Science-based risk and benefit assessment. A. JONES (1). (1) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency OPP BEAD, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	Reviewing biopesticides in the United States. G. S. TOMIMATSU (1). (1) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency OPP BPPD, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
9:30 a.m.	Biotechnology for disease management: Regulatory considerations. C. A. WOZNIAK (1). (1) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency OPP BPPD, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	Regulating for fungicide resistance management. B. CHISM (1). (1) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency OPP BEAD, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
10:45 a.m.	Endocrine disruptor testing: Implications for plant disease. P. LEWIS (1). (1) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency OCSPP OPPT, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
11:15 a.m.	Discussion

 

It’s a Mixed Up World: Hybridization and Horizontal Gene Transfer in Plant Pathogens and Endophytes

Tuesday, August 7; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizers: Erica Goss, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A.; Steve Klosterman, USDA ARS, Salinas, CA, U.S.A.; Maria Jimenez-Gasco, Penn State University, University Park, PA, U.S.A.
Section: Ecology and Epidemiology
Sponsors: Genetics; Mycology; Bacteriology
Sequencing of genes and genomes is uncovering more hybridization and introgression in plant pathogens and endophytes than previously recognized. This session will discuss the large role that hybridization and horizontal gene transfer appears to be playing in the evolution of fungi, oomycetes, and bacteria that infect plants.

8:30 a.m.	Verticillium longisporum—A hybrid pathogen with an expanded host range. P. INDERBITZIN (1), R. M. Davis (1), R. M. Bostock (1), K. V. Subbarao (1). (1) University of California-Davis, Department of Plant Pathology, Davis, CA, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	Emergence of Phytophthora pathogens by hybridization. E. GOSS (1). (1) University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A.
9:30 a.m.	The role of horizontal gene transfer in bacterial crop pathogen emergence. B. A. VINATZER (1), R. Cai (1), C. L. Monteil (2), C. E. Morris (2). (1) Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A.; (2) INRA PACA, Avignon, France
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	Hybrids hybrids everywhere: The role of hybridization in the evolution of Neotyphodium grass endophytes. K. D. CRAVEN (1), S. R. Ghimire (2), C. Young (1), N. D. Charlton (1), G. Swoboda (1), B. Hall (1), M. Afkhami (3). (1) The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK, U.S.A.; (2) RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, U.S.A.; (3) University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, U.S.A.
10:45 a.m.	Genomic characterization of the conditionally dispensable chromosome in Alternaria arborescens provides evidence for horizontal gene transfer. T. MITCHELL (1). (1) The Ohio State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Columbus, OH, U.S.A.
11:15 a.m.	Discussion

 

“Left of Boom!” Information: Form, Content, and Use in Epidemic Prediction

Wednesday, August 8; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizers: Neil McRoberts and Carla Thomas, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A.
Section: Ecology and Epidemiology
Sponsors: Epidemiology; Regulatory Plant Pathology; Diagnostics; Emerging Diseases and Pathogens; Forest Pathology; Crop Loss Assessment and Evaluation
When considering epidemic timelines, events prior to an outbreak are considered to be to the left of the event (the Boom!). New approaches often use textual, qualitative information from informal nonreviewed sources and have potential to be used for prediction in similar ways to quantitative data. This session will examine new approaches and relate them to traditional approaches to disease detection and prediction and highlight common information across these methods using case studies.

8:30 a.m.	Information in multiscale epidemiological models. C. C. MUNDT (1), P. Skelsey (2), P. S. Ojiambo (3), K. A. Garrett (2). (1) Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.; (2) Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A.; (3) North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	Transportation grids as early indicators and warning—The use of census and travel data for prediction of disease incursions. T. R. GOTTWALD (1), T. D. Riley (2), M. S. Irey (3), S. R. Parnell (4). (1) USDA-ARS, Fort Pierce, FL, U.S.A.; (2) USDA APHIS PPQ, Orlando, FL, U.S.A.; (3) United States Sugar Corp., Clewiston, FL, U.S.A.; (4) Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
9:30 a.m.	Emergence of unified concepts of disease in textual surveillance data. C. S. THOMAS (1), N. P. Nelson (2). (1) University of California-Davis, Department of Plant Pathology, Davis, CA, U.S.A.; (2) Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	Advantages and challenges of using Internet media for disease detection and tracking. N. P. NELSON (1). (1) Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
10:45 a.m.	Putting information to use: Decisions at different scales. S. SAVARY (1), A. H. Sparks (2), A. Nelson (2), N. McRoberts (3), P. D. Esker (4). (1) INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France; (2) IRRI, Manila, Philippines; (3) University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, U.S.A.; (4) Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica
11:15 a.m.	Discussion

The National Clean Plant Network: Ensuring Disease-Free, Vegetatively Propagated Fruit Tree Planting Stock

Sunday, August 5; 1:00 - 4:00 p.m.

Organizer: Nancy Osterbauer, Oregon Dept. of Agriculture, Salem, OR, U.S.A.
Section: Disease Control and Pest Management
Sponsors: Regulatory Plant Pathology; Public Policy Board
Financial Sponsor: USDA APHIS
The session introduces APS members to the National Clean Plant Network (NCPN). The NCPN is an association of specialty crop networks that promote the use of pathogen-tested, healthy plant material for clonally grown food crops in the United States. The NCPN-Fruit Tree commodity group will be presenting. Speakers will present a case study on Plum pox virus, introduce new threats to the fruit tree industry, describe how NCPN would address such threats, and discuss the economic and other benefits to industry of the NCPN.

1:00 p.m.	Plum pox virus case study: The eradication road is paved in gold. R. A. WELLIVER (1). (1) Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Harrisburg, PA, U.S.A.
1:30 p.m.	New threats on the horizon for the fruit tree industry. M. FUCHS (1). (1) Cornell University, Geneva, NY, U.S.A.
2:00 p.m.	Diagnosing and cleaning up viruses in imported fruit tree nursery stock. K. C. EASTWELL (1). (1) Washington State University, I.A.R.E.C., Prosser, WA, U.S.A.
2:30 p.m.	Break
2:45 p.m.	Quantifying the economic benefits of the National Clean Plant Network for the tree fruit industry in the Pacific Northwest. C. F. SEAVERT (1), J. Julian (1). (1) Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.
3:15 p.m.	The industry’s perspective on the National Clean Plant Network. W. L. HEUSER GALE (1). (1) International Plant Management, Inc., Lawrence, MI, U.S.A.
3:45 p.m.	The National Clean Plant Network. E. S. RUDYJ (1). (1) USDA, Riverdale, MD, U.S.A.

New Insights into the Virulence Mechanism of Plant-Pathogenic Bacteria

Wednesday, August 8; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.       

Organizers: Nian Wang, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, U.S.A.; Jong Hyun Ham, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, U.S.A.
Section: Biology of Pathogens
Sponsor: Bacteriology
Understanding the mechanisms for virulence may lead to the design of improved disease control strategies. This session will present the latest advances in selected important areas that made significant progress in understanding the virulence mechanism and new approaches used to further promote the study in this area. This has broad impact in research areas far beyond bacteriology and promotes the research in understanding the host defense and suppressing the bacterial virulence. 

8:30 a.m.	The role of the type III secretion system in necrotic pathogens. A. O. CHARKOWSKI (1). (1) University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	Insights into the virulence mechanism of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. N. WANG (1). (1) Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, U.S.A.
9:30 a.m.	Ooze and rots: How enteric plant pathogens utilize cyclic di-GMP, small RNAs, and quorum sensing to regulate major virulence genes. G. W. SUNDIN (1), Q. Zeng (1), C. Yang (2). (1) Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A.; (2) Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A.
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	The role of the cell surface lipopolysaccharide molecule in Xylella fastidiosa biofilm formation and virulence in the grapevine host. M. ROPER (1), J. Rapicavoli (1), J. Clifford (2). (1) University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, U.S.A.; (2) USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.
10:45 a.m.	The global regulatory network for the virulence of Burkholderia glumae, the major causal agent of bacterial panicle blight of rice. J. HAM (1). (1) Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, U.S.A.
11:15 a.m.	How high-throughput sequencing technology helps our understanding of plant-pathogenic bacteria (overview). R. Bart (1), M. Sharlach (1), A. Kassen (1), N. Potnis (2), G. V. Minsavage (2), B. J. Staskawicz (1), J. B. JONES (2). (1) Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A.; (2) Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A.

New Products and Services

Monday, August 6; 8:30 – 10:00 a.m.

Organizer: Dair McDuffee, Valent USA Corporation, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A.
Section: Disease Control and Pest Management
Sponsor: Industry
This session provides a forum for highlighting new products and technologies available to those in the fields of agriculture and plant disease management.

8:30 a.m.	Chain of Custody GPS-Bar Code App. R. C. BOHANNON (1). (1) Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN, U.S.A.
8:45 a.m.	Hyperspectral Imaging for Plant Phenomic Research. J VANDENHIRTZ (1). (1) Lemnatec GmbH, Wuerselen, Germany
9:00 a.m.	Ethaboxam Fungicide: A new order seed protectant for broader spectrum control of the oomycete fungi. K. ARTHUR (1). (1) Valent USA, Plano, TX, U.S.A.
9:15 a.m.	New diagnostic products for sensitive and reliable detection of Asian Soybean Rust (ASR) fungus in presymptomatic host crops. J. XIA (1). (1) AC Diagnostics, Inc., Fayetteville, AR, U.S.A.
9:30 a.m.	WatchDog Cellular Alert. C. TURSKI (1). (1) Spectrum Technologies, Inc., Plainfield, IL, U.S.A.
9:45 a.m.	Priaxor and Merivan Fungicides from BASF Corporation. S. WALKER (1). (1) BASF Corporation, Durham, NC, U.S.A.
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	General Pospiviroid Group RT-PCR. D. GROTH-HELMS (1). (1) Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN, U.S.A.

Pathogen Effectors and Host Targets

Wednesday, August 8; 1:00 - 4:00 p.m.

Organizer: Nicole Donofrio, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, U.S.A.; Rao Uppalapati, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK, U.S.A.
Section: Molecular/Cellular/Plant-Microbe Interactions
Sponsor: Molecular and Cellular Phytopathology
Financial Sponsor: DuPont
Recent research has shown great progress in identifying and characterizing pathogen effectors from important plant pathogens, including oomycetes, fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and viruses. These results are now prompting the isolation of host targets in order to better understand how pathogens co-opt host machinery to cause disease. This session will highlight interactions between pathogen effectors and their host targets from a wide array of pathogens and researchers in the United States and internationally.

1:00 p.m.	Hotspots in viral siRNA accumulation in maize. V. VANCE (1), S. Mlotshwa (1), C. Johnson (2), A. Wahba Foreman (1), G. Pruss (1), V. Sundaresan (2), K. Scheets (3), L. Bowman (1). (1) University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, U.S.A.; (2) University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, U.S.A.; (3) Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, U.S.A.
1:30 p.m.	The fungal effector AvrPiz-t suppresses host innate immunity by targeting the RING finger E3 ligases APIP6 and APIP10 in rice. C. PARK (1), S. Chen (1), G. Shirsekar (1), B. Zhou (2), C. Khang (3), P. Songkumarn (1), M. Bellizzi (1), Y. Ning (4), B. Valent (3), G. Wang (1). (1) The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A.; (2) Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Peoples Republic of China; (3) The Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A.; (4) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Peoples Republic of China
1:45 p.m.	Effector promoters play a major role in delivery of Magnaporthe oryzae effectors into living rice cells. C. KHANG (1), B. Valent (2). (1) University of Georgia, Athens, GA, U.S.A.; (2) The Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A.
2:15 p.m.	Pseudomonas syringae type III effectors: Evolution, distribution, and host targets of a bacterial Monkey Wrench Gang. M. LINDEBERG (1). (1) Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.
2:30 p.m.	Break
2:45 p.m.	Functional characterization of the conserved modular domains found in the oomycete RXLR effector superfamily. S. D. KALE (1). (1) Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A.
3:00 p.m.	Cyst nematode effectors and their targets. T. J. BAUM (1). (1) Iowa State University, Ames, IA, U.S.A.
3:30 p.m.	Discussion

 

Potato virus Y—An Old Virus and a New Problem in Potato

Tuesday, August 7; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizers: Alexander Karasev, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, U.S.A.; Stewart Gray, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.
Section: Biology of Pathogens
Sponsor: Virology
Potato virus Y (PVY) has emerged as a significant concern for the U.S. potato industry with the introduction of new, recombinant strains, some of which induce destructive potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease in susceptible potato cultivars. Detection, differentiation, and control of PVY are difficult due to its high variability and symptomless cultivars. Current knowledge of PVY biology and mitigation of PVY effects on potato seed production and international potato trade will be discussed.

8:30 a.m.	PVY as an emerging potato problem in North America. S. M. GRAY (1). (1) Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.
8:45 a.m.	Breeding potato for PVY resistance. S. H. JANSKY (1), X. Cai (2). (1) USDA-ARS and University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, U.S.A.; (2) Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Wuhan, Peoples Republic of China
9:15 a.m.	Modeling aphid vector flights and improved control of Potato virus Y. R. GROVES (1), K. Frost (1). (1) University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A.
9:45 a.m.	PVY and Canadian experience. M. SINGH (1), X. Nie (2), Y. Pelletier (2), M. Fageria (3). (1) Agricultural Certification Services/PotatoesNB, Fredericton, NB, Canada; (2) Agriculture and Agri-Food, Potato Research Centre, Fredericton, NB, Canada; (3) Agricultural Certification Services, Fredericton, NB, Canada
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	PVY and Canadian experience. M. SINGH (1), X. Nie (2), Y. Pelletier (2), M. Fageria (3). (1) Agricultural Certification Services/PotatoesNB, Fredericton, NB, Canada; (2) Agriculture and Agri-Food, Potato Research Centre, Fredericton, NB, Canada; (3) Agricultural Certification Services, Fredericton, NB, Canada
10:30 a.m.	Classification of PVY strains and new recombinants. A. V. KARASEV (1), S. M. Gray (2). (1) University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, U.S.A.; (2) Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.
11:00 a.m.	Potato seed certification and PVY. P. NOLTE (1). (1) University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, U.S.A.

Practice and Management of Microbial and Plant Germplasm Collections

Wednesday, August 8; 1:00 - 4:00 p.m.

Organizers: Shuxian Li, USDA-ARS, Crop Genetics Research Unit, Stoneville, MS, U.S.A.; Rick Bennett, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, U.S.A.; Kimberly Webb, USDA-ARS, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A.; Kevin McCluskey, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO, U.S.A.
Section: Professionalism/Outreach
Sponsors: Collections and Germplasm; Public Policy Board
The session will focus on analogies of plant germplasm and pathogen germplasm collections for management, proper storage, handling, distribution, and database management. The well-established USDA National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) will be examined as a model for pathogen collections in a proposed National Plant Microbial Germplasm System (NPMGS). Speakers will examine curation of plant materials versus microbes and how microbial collections may be integrated into the established system for plant germplasm, including backing up collections, genotyping, and modification of databases in the Genetic Resources Information Network (GRIN).

	Introduction: National Plant Microbial Germplasm System overview. R. BENNETT, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, U.S.A.
1:00 p.m.	The National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) and GRIN-Global. C. A. GARDNER (1). (1) USDA-ARS, Ames, IA, U.S.A.
1:30 p.m.	Management of germplasm collections and associated data via informatics tools: Opportunities and challenges. S. KANG (1). (1) Department of Plant Pathology, Penn State University, University Park, PA, U.S.A.
2:00 p.m.	Plant germplasm curation—Best practices. D. ELLIS (1). (1) USDA-ARS, National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A.
2:30 p.m.	Break
2:45 p.m.	Experience with best practice guidelines for microbial germplasm repositories at the Fungal Genetics Stock Center. K. MCCLUSKEY (1), A. Wiest (1), R. Schnittker (1). (1) University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Biological Sciences, Kansas City, MO, U.S.A.
3:00 p.m.	From culture collection to genetic resource centre: The Dutch approach. P. W. CROUS (1), G. J. Verkley (1). (1) CBS Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
3:30 p.m.	DNA barcoding and next-generation sequencing—Opportunities and challenges for reference biological collections. C. A. LEVESQUE (1). (1) Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Resolving the Species-Population Interface in Asexual Fungi: New Tools to Address an Old Problem

Sunday, August 5; 1:00 - 4:00 p.m.

Organizers: Barry Pryor, University of Arizona, Plant Sciences, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A.; Kirk Broders, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, U.S.A.
Section: Ecology and Epidemiology
Sponsors: Mycology; Plant Pathogen and Disease Detection; Diagnostics; Seed Pathology; Soil Microbiology and Root Diseases
Financial Sponsor: Widely Prevalent Plant Pathogenic Fungi List Project
The development of species concepts for asexual fungi is taxonomically challenging due to their clonal population structure, and most contemporary efforts have been unsuccessful in understanding and resolving the species-population interface. Modern sequencing technology and more powerful analytical methods are quickly advancing this area of research as the availability of entire genomes from multiple individuals permits new insights on genetic variation and evolutionary history across multiple loci and at varying taxonomic levels. This session provides a focused review of asexual fungi and highlights some of the taxonomic challenges and advancements in species delimitation in exemplar fungal lineages. The successful development of species concepts for these taxa will have broad and significant impact in comparative biology, as well as in pathogen detection and disease management.

1:00 p.m.	Asexuality across the kingdom Fungi and the taxonomic challenges of species delineation. P. W. CROUS (1), J. Z. Groenewald (1). (1) CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands
1:30 p.m.	Using comparative genomics for species resolution in Alternaria. B. M. PRYOR (1), B. Wang (1). (1) University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A.
2:00 p.m.	Challenges and opportunities for species recognition in Fusarium provided by genomics. D. M. GEISER (1), B. Park (1), S. Kang (1), K. O'Donnell (2). (1) Penn State University, University Park, PA, U.S.A.; (2) NCAUR USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL, U.S.A.
2:30 p.m.	Break
2:45 p.m.	Cladosporium: Current concepts, diversity, and taxonomy. F. DUGAN (1). (1) USDA-ARS WRPIS, Pullman, WA, U.S.A.
3:15 p.m.	Comparative genomics and bioinformatic tools for studying evolution and speciation in fungi. J. E. STAJICH (1), T. J. Poorten (2), T. Y. James (3), D. Rodriguez (4), D. Ilut (4), K. Zamudio (4), E. B. Rosenblum (5). (1) University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, U.S.A.; (2) University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, U.S.A.; (3) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A.; (4) Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.; (5) University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A.
3:45 p.m.	Discussion

Right of the Boom: Deciding to Act, React, or Let Go in a Fluid Data Environment

Wednesday, August 8; 1:00 - 4:00 p.m.

Organizers: Lawrence Brown, USDA\APHIS\PPQ, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A.; Neil McRoberts, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A.
Section: Ecology and Epidemiology
Sponsors: Crop Loss Assessment and Risk Evaluation; Epidemiology; Regulatory Plant Pathology; Diagnostics; Emerging Diseases and Pathogens; Forest Pathology
The complimentary session “Left of the Boom!” considers prospects for improved disease forecasting and detection. However, the future will involve outbreaks of quarantine pests that impose biological and economic losses on agriculture. This session explores frameworks and measures for decision support in regulatory agency decision-making to the right of the Boom! (after an outbreak). It combines views from practitioners, researchers, and analysts on future directions for better regulatory plant pathology.

1:00 p.m	Use of law enforcement indicators and warning to prevent and respond to a crime. L. LEE (1). (1) FBI, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
1:30 p.m.	Even when data are fluid a decision must be made. P. H. BERGER (1), L. G. Brown (1). (1) USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A.
2:00 p.m.	The role of epidemiology research in shaping regulatory plant pathology. J. J. MAROIS (1). (1) University of Florida, Quincy, FL, U.S.A.
2:30 p.m.	Break
2:45 p.m.	Making and implementing program decisions in regulatory plant pathology. T. S. SCHUBERT (1). (1) Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A.
3:15 p.m.	From boom to busted: Trade concerns and disputes under the WTO’s SPS Agreement. L. M. PEARSON (1). (1) Imperial College-London, London, United Kingdom
3:45 p.m.	A case-based analysis of information sources, sinks, and loops in regulatory plant pathology programs. N. MCROBERTS (1), P. S. Ojiambo (2), G. Hughes (3). (1) University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, U.S.A.; (2) North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A.; (3) Scottish Agricultural College, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Schroth Faces of the Future—New Frontiers in Plant Bacteriology

Wednesday, August 8; 1:00 - 4:00 p.m.

Organizers: Teresa Hughes, USDA-ARS, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, U.S.A.; Christopher Wallis, USDA-ARS, Parlier, CA, U.S.A.
Section: Diseases of Plants
Sponsors: Early Career Professionals; Bacteriology
This session is designed to acknowledge the new faces shaping the future of plant bacteriology. We encourage nominations of scientists in the early stages of their careers (within 10 years of graduation, including post-docs) who are forward thinkers and perceived to be the future leaders in the field of plant bacteriology. Speakers must be APS members.

1:00 p.m.	Introduction and Foundation
1:15 p.m.	Introduction of the 2012 Recipients for Bacteriology
1:30 p.m.	Minerals influence interactions between the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa and its host plants. L. DE LA FUENTE (1). (1) Auburn University, Auburn, AL, U.S.A.
2:00 p.m.	Streptomyces secondary metabolism and scab disease development: To what extent are these two processes linked? D. R. BIGNELL (1). (1) Memorial University, St. John's, NF, Canada
2:30 p.m.	Break
2:45 p.m.	Effector proteins as probes to understand molecular mechanisms underlying plant-bacterial interactions and as markers for detecting bacterial diseases. W. MA (1). (1) University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, U.S.A.
3:15 p.m.	Draft genomic sequence of rice pathogens and nonpathogens: Insights in biology, diversity, and diagnosis. L. R. TRIPLETT (1). (1) Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A. “Unable to Attend”
3:45 p.m.	Discussion

Thousand Cankers Disease: A Threat to Eastern Black Walnut Throughout Its Native Range and Beyond

Tuesday, August 7; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizers: Inga Meadows, Ministry of Primary Industries, Auckland, New Zealand.; Matt Kasson, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, U.S.A.
Section: Diseases of Plants
Sponsors: Forest Pathology; Emerging Diseases and Pathogens; Vector-Pathogen Complexes; Epidemiology
Financial Sponsors: Walnut Council; Walnut Council Foundation
Decline and mortality of walnut trees (Juglans spp.) have been observed in the last decade throughout the western United States and, more recently, in the eastern United States. The disease complex, thousand cankers disease (TCD), is caused by the fungus Geosmithia morbida and vectored by the walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis. TCD has increased concerns of the health of black walnut and its viability as a commercial product. This session will emphasize current knowledge of TCD and highlight research gaps.

8:30 a.m.	The distribution and impact of thousand cankers disease in walnut species in the western United States. N. TISSERAT (1). (1) Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	From discovery to regulation: A pathologist’s perspective of thousand cankers disease in eastern United States. M. WINDHAM (1). (1) Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A.
9:30 a.m.	Evolution, diversity, and ecology of the genus Geosmithia with emphasis on G. morbida. M. KOLARIK (1). (1) Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	Life history of the walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, and its association with Geosmithia morbida, causal agent of thousand cankers disease in the United States. S. J. SEYBOLD (1). (1) USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Davis, CA, U.S.A.
10:45 a.m.	Thousand cankers disease: A recently emerging disease of eastern black walnut in the eastern United States. G. J. GRIFFIN (1). (1) Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A.
11:15 a.m.	Discussion

Unifying Concepts in Plant and Animal Vector Biology

Monday, August 6; 8:30 – 11:30 a.m.

Organizers: Diane Ullman, Dept. of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A.; Thomas German, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A.
Section: Biology of Pathogens
Sponsors: Vector-Pathogen Complexes; Virology
Financial Sponsors: GATES Foundation; Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc.
Presentations by two-member teams consisting of partnering plant and animal/human vector biologists that will examine shared features to achieve a comparative synthesis of points of intersection between plant and animal/human vector study systems. The session will cover 1) behavioral modification of vectors; 2) molecular basis of vector competence; and 3) pathogen modification of host to ensure vector transmission.

8:30 a.m.	LaCrosse virus modifies the behavior of its mosquito vector. B. J. BEATY (1). (1) Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A.
9:00 a.m.	What makes a vector a vector: The ecological and molecular basis of vector competence in planthoppers and thrips. A. WHITFIELD (1), D. Rotenberg (1). (1) Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A.
9:30 a.m.	The molecular basis of vector competence in mosquito-arbovirus interactions. L. C. BARTHOLOMAY (1). (1) Iowa State University, Ames, IA, U.S.A.
10:00 a.m.	Break
10:15 a.m.	A virus at the helm: Even plant-infecting viruses modify vector behavior! C. A. STAFFORD (1). (1) Univeristy of California-Davis, Davis, CA, U.S.A.
10:30 a.m.	Manipulation of host-derived olfactory cues by vector-borne pathogens of plants and insects. M. C. MESCHER (1). (1) Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, U.S.A.
11:00 a.m.	Strategies employed by animal parasites to enhance vector transmission. H. HURD (1). (1) Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, United Kingdom