Oral Technical Session: Basidiomycete Molecular Systematics and Evolution

188-O

Phylogenetic overview of the Boletineae.
M. NUHN (1), M. Binder (2), R. Halling (3), A. Taylor (4), D. S. Hibbett (5)
(1) Clark University, Worcester, MA, U.S.A.; (2) CBS-Knaw Fungal Biodiversity Center, Uppsalaan, Netherlands; (3) New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, U.S.A.; (4) The James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; (5) Biology Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA, U.S.A.

Boletes are a morphologically diverse group of fungi that are mainly ectomycorrhizal and have successfully colonized all the continents, except for Antarica. The wide diversity found in the boletes makes it an excellent group to test evolutionary rates and trends of morphological and ecological changes. The relationships of selected genera, representing the largest and most common genera of the Boletineae [Boletales], were studied using nuc-lsu, tef1, and RPB1, producing the most comprehensive phylogeny to date. With the exception of Hyndomerulius pinastri, the Boletineae, Paxillaceae and Boletaceae were strongly supported. The majority of traditional, morphologically described genera were not recovered as monophyletic unless using the most narrow description available (i.e. using the description of the section of a genus that contains the type species). Specifically, Boletus species were found throughout the phylogeny, but Singer’s Boletus section Boletus was monophyletic. Further sampling is required to identify lineages of Boletus species that are not members of Singer’s section Boletus and test if subgeneric groups described previously may be described as genera. The phylogeny implies nearly every genus is in need of reorganization. Additionally, the phylogeny indicates multiple, independent evolutions of secotioid and gasteroid forms (including sequestrate forms) and lineages that may be transitions from an ectomycorrhizal nutritional strategy.