Significance

Nematodes account for an estimated 14% of all worldwide plant losses, which translates into almost $100 billion dollars annually. By far, root-knot nematodes are the most common and destructive nematode pathogens. They produce some of the most dramatic symptoms and can substantially reduce crop yields (Figure 1). Root-knot nematodes are found in all agricultural regions worldwide. They can survive in temperate climates and can devastate crops grown in the tropics (Figures 27, 28). Most root-knot nematodes also have extremely wide host ranges. Although it is difficult to ascertain the number of hosts for any one root-knot nematode species, it is likely that some root-knot nematodes can survive on hundreds of different plant species. This can make it extremely difficult to control a root-knot nematode problem, particularly if the nematode can survive on weeds. In addition, root-knot nematodes have repeatedly been shown to predispose their host plants to infection by other crop pathogens, increasing the potential for crop loss.

Figure 1
Figure 27	Figure 28

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by The American Phytopathological Society